胎儿及新生儿甲状腺功能异常的产前诊断及管理

Prenatal diagnosis and management of fetal/neonatal thyroid dysfunction

胎儿和新生儿甲状腺疾病罕见,部分病例的病情严重。早期诊断和治疗是改善患儿预后的关键。本文介绍了胎儿和新生儿期甲状腺疾病的诊治策略。对于甲状腺肿大的胎儿,主要的临床问题是确定病因是甲状腺功能亢进还是减退,并给予相应的治疗。管理母亲、胎儿和新生儿甲状腺疾病需要经验丰富的多学科团队,该团队应包括成人和儿童内分泌科医生、产科医生和超声科医生。

Thyroid diseases in fetuses and newborns are rare but can be severe in some cases.Early diagnosis and treatment are the keys to improve the prognosis.This review focuses on the diagnosis and treatment strategies of this disease during the fetal and neonatal periods.For fetuses with goiter,the main clinical issue is to differentiate hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism and offer appropriate management on this basis.Management of maternal,fetal,and neonatal thyroid diseases requires an experienced multidisciplinary team including adult and pediatric endocrinologists,obstetricians,and sonographers.