男性吸烟者尼古丁依赖及影响因素分析

Analysis of nicotine dependence and its influencing factors among male smokers

目的调查男性吸烟者尼古丁依赖情况并分析影响因素,为临床戒烟干预提供依据。方法采用便利抽样法,选取2018年10月—2019年12月在广西医科大学第一附属医院戒烟门诊就诊的135例戒烟者作为研究对象,采用一般资料调查表、尼古丁依赖程度量表、医院焦虑抑郁量表进行调查。结果共回收有效问卷132份。研究对象的尼古丁依赖得分为5.36±2.07。多元线性回归分析结果显示,个人月平均收入、居住情况、每天吸烟量、焦虑得分为尼古丁依赖的影响因素(均P<0.05)。结论就诊于戒烟门诊的男性吸烟者尼古丁依赖程度为中度依赖,依赖程度受到个人特征、吸烟习惯及不良情绪影响,医务人员应对吸烟者进行多方面评估,并采取个性化戒烟方式劝导及帮助吸烟者戒烟。

Objective To investigate the nicotine dependence of male smokers and analyze the influencing factors,and provide basis for clinical smoking cessation intervention.Methods Totally 135 smokers who want to quit smoking were selected via convenient sampling method in the Smoking Cessation Clinic of the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University from October 2018 to December 2019,and were investigated by general data questionnaire,FTND(Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence)and HADS(Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale).Results A total of 132 valid questionnaires were collected.The score of FTND was5.36±2.07.Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the influencing factors of nicotine dependence were average monthly personal income,living condition,the number of cigarettes per day and anxiety score(all P<0.05).Conclusion The degree of nicotine dependence of male smokers visiting smoking cessation clinic is moderate,and the degree of dependence is affected by personal characteristics,smoking habits and negative emotions.Medical staff should evaluate smokers in many aspects and adopt personalized smoking cessation methods to persuade and help smokers to quit smoking.