160名护理学硕士研究生心理韧性影响因素及情绪智力预测作用

Influencing factors of psychological resilience and prediction of emotional intelligence among 160 nursing postgraduates

目的了解160名护理学硕士研究生心理韧性现状及影响因素,探索情绪智力的预测作用。方法 2020年1—2月通过便利抽样法,采用一般资料问卷、中文版情绪智力量表(WLEIS-C)、中文版10条目心理韧性量表(CD-RISC-10)对我国8个省12所高等院校部分护理学硕士研究生进行调查研究。结果共调查160名护理学硕士研究生,CD-RISC-10得分为25.98±5.91;情绪智力总分为65.83±13.10,各维度得分由高到底依次为:自我情绪评估(16.79±3.46)、情绪运用(16.51±3.52)、他人情绪评估(16.43±3.51)、情绪控制(16.10±3.82)。情绪智力总分及4个维度与心理韧性均呈正相关(均P<0.01)。是否为独生子女、有无工作经验的护理学硕士研究生WLEIS-C得分比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);不同婚恋情况、工作经验的护理学硕士研究生CD-RISC-10得分比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.01)。多元回归分析结果显示,自我情绪评估、情绪应用、情绪控制、是否独生子女、婚恋情况均是护理学硕士研究生心理韧性的独立影响因素(均P<0.05),可解释62.8%的变异度。结论护理学硕士研究生心理韧性仍有很大提升空间,情绪智力对心理韧性有正向预测作用,高水平的情绪智力可进一步提升心理韧性,院校及相关培养机构可制定有针对性的措施以促进护理学硕士研究生心理健康。

Objective To understand the current status and influencing factors of psychological resilience of 160 nursing postgraduates, explore the predictive role of emotional intelligence. Methods The nursing postgraduates from 12 colleges and universities in 8 provinces of China were collected by the convenience sampling from January to February 2020, and were investigated with the general information questionnaire, the Chinese version of the emotional intelligence scale(WLEIS-C),the Chinese version of 10-item Connor-davidson Resilience Scale(CD-RISC-10). Results Totally 160 nursing postgraduates were investigated, and CD-RISC-10 score was 25.98±5.91. The total score of emotional intelligence was 65.83 ±13.10, and the scores in each dimension from high to low were: self-emotional evaluation(16.79±3.46), emotional application(16.51±3.52), others’ emotional evaluation(16.43±3.51), emotional control(16.10±3.82). The total score of emotional intelligence and the four dimensions were positively correlated with psychological resilience(all P<0.01). There were statistically significant differences in WLEIS-C score among nursing postgraduates who are the only child or not and have the work experience or not(both P<0.05). There were statistically significant differences in CD-RISC-10 score among nursing postgraduates with different marital status and work experience(both P<0.05). The results of multiple regression analysis showed that self-emotional assessment, emotional application,emotional control, only child or not, and marital status were the independent influencing factors of psychological resilience of nursing postgraduates(all P<0.05), explaining 62.8% of the variability. Conclusion There is still much room for improvement in psychological resilience of nursing postgraduates. Emotional intelligence has a positive predictive effect on psychological resilience, and a high level of emotional intelligence can further enhance psychological resilience. Colleges and related training institutions can formulate targeted measures to promote mental health of nursing postgraduates.