中国石油工业领域失效发明专利分析研究

Research on Status Quo of Not-in-Force Invention Patents in China’s Petroleum Industrial Area

研究中国石油工业领域失效发明专利对于中国石油公司的专利布局策略调整以及动态管理具有重要意义。我国三大石油公司(中国石油、中国石化和中国海油)与国外公司的失效发明专利状况存在明显差异,主要表现为发明专利失效率平均为21.83%,远低于行业平均水平(35.83%)、国际石油公司平均水平(55.02%)和技术服务公司平均水平(53.49%)。国际石油公司和技术服务公司发明专利失效以撤回、放弃和未缴年费三类主观因素占主导,其中未缴年费占比最高;我国三大石油公司失效发明专利以驳回为主。我国三大石油公司因未缴年费而失效的发明专利平均占比14.22%,明显低于行业平均水平(29.90%)和国外公司平均水平(45.30%)。国内外石油公司失效发明专利技术领域分布与其主营业务密切相关。建议我国石油公司充分利用国外公司大量失效发明专利的价值,加强对存量专利的维持、放弃的研究工作,参考、借鉴国内外公司先进的管理经验,基于我国石油公司中长期发展战略以及市场经营状况进一步优化公司的知识产权管理模式。

Study of status quo of not-in-force invention patents in China’s petroleum industrial area is of great significance to a petroleum company’s adjustment policies on distribution of patents and dynamic management.The research results show that obvious differences exists between China’s big-three oil companies(PetroChina,Sinopec,CNOOC)and foreign companies in the status quo of not-in-force invention patents.The average failure rate of not-in-force invention patents for China’s big-three oil companies is 21.83%,which is far lower than the industrial average(35.83%),and far lower than the international oil company’s average(55.02%),and also far lower than the technical service company’s average(53.49%).Withdrawal,abandonment and unpaid annual fees are the subjective factors for the not-in-force invention patents of international oil companies and technical service companies,of which unpaid annual fees is the main reason,while rejection is the main reason for the not-in-force invention patents of China’s big-three oil companies.The average percentage of patents which are invalidated by non-payments of annual fees in China’s big-three oil companies is 14.22%,which is significantly lower than the industry average level(29.90%)and far lower than the average level for foreign companies(45.30%).The distribution of failed invention patents of oil companies is closely related to their main business.It is proposed that China’s oil companies should make full use of the value of the not-in-force invention patents by foreign companies,strengthen the research work on maintenance and abandon for the patents in force,refer to the advanced management experience of domestic and foreign companies,and further optimize the intellectual property management mode of the company based on China’s oil companies’long-term development strategy and market operating conditions.