50岁及以上HIV/AIDS患者生命质量及其影响因素研究

Study on the quality of life and related influencing factors among HIV/AIDS patients over 50 yearsold

目的了解四川省泸县和郫都区50岁及以上的HIV/AIDS患者的生命质量现状并分析其影响因素,为改善患者的生命质量提供依据。方法采用整群抽样方法,应用SF-12生命质量量表进行生命质量评价,并调查可能的影响因素,采用SPSS 21.0进行统计分析。结果共调查了556例患者,躯体健康总评(PCS)为(48.50±11.06),心理健康总评(MCS)为(52.66±11.68)。多元线性回归分析结果显示,对于PCS,相较于文盲,初中及以上学历的患者PCS更高(β=3.38,P=0.01);相较于月收入1000元以下,1000~1999元(β=4.74,P<0.001)、2000元及以上(β=4.27,P<0.001)的患者PCS更高;相较于没有共病的,患有高血压、糖尿病等其他慢性疾病的患者PCS更低(β=-9.31,P<0.001)。对于MCS,年龄(β=0.23,P<0.001)是正相关因素;相较于男性,女性的MCS更低(β=-3.40,P=0.002);相较于没有共病,有共病的患者MCS更低(β=-3.38,P<0.001)。结论对文化水平较低、经济收入较少的HIV/AIDS患者应予以更多身体健康照料,对女性患者应提供心理支持,对有共病的患者应就生命质量的提高予以更多关注。

Objective To investigate the Quality of life(QoL)of HIV/AIDS patients over 50 years old in Luxian County and Pidu District,Sichuan Province,to analyze the influence of various factors on QoL,and to provide a reference for improving QoL of HIV/AIDS patients in the future.Methods The cluster sampling method was used.The SF-12(the 12-item short-form)scale was used to evaluate QoL,and possible factors were investigated.SPSS 21.0 was used for statistical analysis.Results 529 HIV/AIDS patients over 50 years old were included.The mean value of the Physical Component Summary(PCS)was 48.50±11.06,and the mean value of Mental Component Summary(MCS)was 52.66±11.68.Multiple linear regression analysis results showed that the PCS was higher for patients with junior high school education or above(β=3.38,P=0.01)than the illiterate respondents.Compared with patients with a monthly income of less than 1000 yuan,PCS of those who earned 1000-2999 yuan a month(β=4.74,P<0.001)、2000 yuan and above a month(β=4.27,P<0.001)is higher;Compared with the respondents without other chronic diseases,the patients with chronic diseases such as hypertension and diabetes had lower PCS(β=-9.31,P<0.001).Age(β=0.23,P<0.001)is a positive correlation factor of MCS,MCS of women was lower than men(β=-3.40,P=0.002)and patients with chronic diseases had lower MCS than those without chronic diseases(β=-3.38,P<0.001).Conclusion More physical health care should be provided to HIV/AIDS patients with lower educational levels and lower economic income.Psychological support should be provided to female patients,and more attention should be paid to the improvement of QoL of patients with comorbidity of HIV/AIDS and chronic diseases.