栉孔扇贝不同地理群体的遗传多样性分析

The Genetic Diversity of Different Geographical Zhikong Scallop(Chlamys farreri) Populations

应用AFLP技术对栉孔扇贝的中国长岛群体和韩国东部、西部群体进行了遗传多样性分析。实验表明 ,中国长岛群体的群体内遗传相似度最高 ,为 0 .675 4 ,韩国东部群体次之 ,为 0 .6714,韩国西部群体最低 ,为 0 .630 9;中国长岛群体与韩国东部、西部群体间的遗传距离分别为 0 .170 3和 0 .1786,韩国两群体间的遗传距离只有 0 .0 5 7。这一结果说明 ,长岛群体与韩国群体遗传差异较大 ,韩国两个群体遗传相似度较高 ,应视为同一个群体。本研究共获得 6个韩国两群体的共享特征标记 ,4个长岛群体的特异性标记 ,1个韩国西部群体所特有的标记 ,这些标记可以用于鉴定和区分这三个群体。为提高我国栉孔扇贝群体遗传多样性 ,以引进韩国西部群体为好。

AFLP technique was used to analysis the genetic diversity of the populations from the coast of Changdao in China, the east coast and the west coast of Korea. The Changdao population had the highest intrapopulational genetic similarity index of 0 6754, which of the East and West Korea populations were 0 6714 and 0 6309 respectively. The genetic distances between Changdao population and each of the two Korean populations were 0 1703 and 0 1786, but that of the two Korean's was only 0 057. The results showed that the two Korean populations had similar genetic structure. The Changdao population was different from the Korean populations and its genetic structure was unique. 22 shared AFLP markers were amplified form the three populations, and 6 AFLP markers were only amplified from the two populations from Korea. Changdao population had 4 specific AFLP markers, while the population from the west coast of Korea had only one. The genetic diversity of the populations from the Korea were both higher than that of Changdao population, so they were feasible to increase the genetic diversity of the cultured populations in China by introducing these population from West Korea to China.