城市创新效率与经济高质量发展的耦合关系及其时空分异特征研究

Research on the Coupling Relationship between Urban Innovation Efficiency and Economic High-quality Development and Its Temporal and Spatial Characteristics

高质量发展是中国经济进行战略调整的重要依据,是经济新常态下中国经济的主要发展道路,要求经济发展适应“创新、协调、绿色、开放、共享”的新发展理念。而“创新”作为新发展理念中排在首位的发展理念,是引领发展的第一动力,创新能力的提高是实现经济高质量发展的重要保障。随着国家对于创新的持续投入,各省市的创新投入产出效率也成为衡量其创新能力的重要指标,但全要素视角下的城市创新效率与经济高质量发展之间到底关系如何,理论界并未给出确切的答案。基于Super-SBM模型、DEA-Malmquist指数、熵值法、耦合度模型以及耦合协调度模型,以陕西省为例分析了2008—2018年城市创新效率的静、动态特征,并对城市创新效率与经济高质量发展水平的耦合关系进行时空分析:发现多数城市的城市创新效率有效,城市创新效率的增长率呈现波动上升趋势;城市经济高质量发展水平呈现稳步上升趋势,经济发展速度相对平稳,但省内贫富差距悬殊;城市创新效率与经济高质量发展水平的耦合度呈波动上升趋势,两者趋向协调发展;城市创新效率与经济高质量发展耦合协调度整体平稳增长,呈现出中间高、四周低的态势。推动经济的高质量发展,有利于促进经济可持续发展,是实现中国经济绿色、创新、驱动战略的重要发展道路。因此提出了提高创新成果转化能力,完善新时代科技创新体系;加快产业升级转型,实现经济高质量发展;协调创新投入产出机制,激发人才创新活力;改进创新能力措施,提升经济高质量发展要素配置效率等政策建议,为实现区域城市高质量发展提供理论借鉴。

High-quality development is not only an important basis for the strategic adjustment of the China’economy,but also the main development path of the Chinese economy under the new normal.Economic development is required to adapt to the new development concept of“innovation,coordination,greenness,openness,and sharing”.As the first development concept in the“new development concept”,“innovation”is the first driving force leading development,and the improvement of innovation capability is an important guarantee for achieving high-quality economic development.On the other hand,as the state continues to invest in innovation,the efficiency of innovation input and output of provinces and cities has also become an important indicator of their innovation capabilities,but what is the relationship between urban innovation efficiency and high-quality economic development from the perspective of all factors?Any exact answers have not been given by the theoretical community.Based on the Super-SBM model,DEA-Malmquist index,entropy method,coupling degree model,and coupling coordination degree model,the static and dynamic characteristics of urban innovation efficiency from 2008 to 2018 are analyzed by taking Shaanxi Province as an example.The coupling relationship of the high-quality economic development level has been analyzed in time and space.In the first place,it is found that the urban innovation efficiency of most cities is effective,next the growth rate of urban innovation efficiency shows a fluctuating upward trend.Then the high-quality development level of the urban economy shows a steady upward trend,and the economic development speed is relatively stable,but The gap between the rich and the poor in the province is huge;the coupling degree of urban innovation efficiency and the level of high-quality economic development is fluctuating and rising,and the two tend to develop in harmony;the degree of coupling and coordination between urban innovation efficiency and high-quality economic development has increased steadily as a whole,showing an intermediate high with low posture all around.Promoting high-quality economic development is conducive to promoting sustainable economic development,and is an important development path for China’s economic green,innovative and driving strategy.Therefore,many policy recommendations are proposed to provide theoretical reference for realizing the high-quality development of regional cities,such as improving the ability of transforming innovation achievements to make the technological innovation system perfect in the new era;accelerating industrial upgrading and transforming to achieve high-quality economic development;coordinating innovation input and output mechanisms to stimulate talent innovation and vitality;and promoting innovation capability to increase the efficiency of the allocation of high-quality economic development factors.This article is a preliminary exploration of the coupling relationship between urban innovation efficiency and high-quality economic development.As urban innovation efficiency is affected by many factors,relevant scholars can conduct in-depth research from the following aspects in subsequent research.First,on the basis of considering the existing indicator system,the input-output data of innovation efficiency needs to be further refined,and some indicators should be appropriately added.Besides,urban agglomerations with higher development levels or major cities across the country can be selected as research areas to explore the coupling and coordination relationship between the two characters.Finally,Stochastic Frontier Analysis(SFA)can also be used as a research method,cutting into the measurement of urban innovation efficiency from the perspective of parametric methods,making the research more complete.