3D打印技术及其在医疗领域的应用

3D printing and its application in the field of medicine

3D打印技术是一种快速兴起的新型数字化制造技术,因具有设计自由、大规模定制以及快速原型制造等优点,在医学、航天、汽车、食品等领域应用前景广阔。随着精准化、个性化医疗需求的增长,3D打印技术逐渐被应用到医疗领域,如植入物制造、诊断平台和药物输送系统等,并成为目前较为前沿的研究领域之一,其个性化定制的特点使得3D打印技术能够根据患者的病情制备相应的医疗产品以帮助患者康复。因此,本文概述了3D打印技术的发展,分类介绍了可用于3D打印的医用材料,以及3D打印技术在医疗领域的应用。但是3D打印的植入物是静态的,无生命的,不能随着内环境的变化进行适应性调整,4D打印可以制造出具有“活性”且结构更为复杂的、与天然组织结构非常相似的工程化组织结构,其继承了3D打印技术优点的同时,弥补了现有3D打印的一些缺陷,未来在医学领域会有更广阔的应用前景。

3D printing as an important,fast-growing manufacturing technology is triggering major innovations in many fields,such as medicine,aerospace,automobile and food.The main advantages of 3D printing include design freedom,mass customization,waste minimization,and rapid prototyping,etc.The personalized features enable 3D printing to prepare products based on the patient’s condition to help the patient recover.With the increasing demand for precision and personalized medicine,3D printing is gradually being applied to implant manufacturing,diagnostic platforms and drug delivery systems.Therefore,this article outlines the development of 3D printing technology,which introduces medical materials that can be used for 3D printing,and the application of 3D printing technology in the medical field.Finally,the challenges and development prospects of 3D printing technology in the medical field are summarized and discussed.