东莞市高埗镇社区2型糖尿病患者视网膜病变情况及影响因素分析

Analysis on retinopathy and influencing factors in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, Gaobu town, Dongguan city

目的了解东莞市高埗镇社区2型糖尿病患者视网膜病变情况及影响因素,为视网膜病变的社区防治及制定健康促进策略具有重要意义。方法回顾性分析2019年5~9月东莞市社区卫生系统平台中被高埗镇社区卫生服务中心纳入管理的498例2型糖尿病患者临床资料,根据眼底检查结果分为患病组(110例)和非患病组(388例)。对2组患者进行问卷调查、体格检查、生化检测及眼底视网膜检查,比较研究人群视网膜病变患病率,分析2型糖尿病患者视网膜病变影响因素。结果 498例2型糖尿病研究人员视网膜病变110例,患病率为22.09%;经多项Logistic回归分析证实,体质指数≥28.00 kg/m^(2)、空腹血糖水平≥7.50 mmol/L、合并高血压、有吸烟史、对2型糖尿病防治知识不了解是2型糖尿病患者视网膜病变的影响因素(OR=2.66、4.18、10.19、3.03、1.71,P<0.01)。结论东莞市高埗镇社区2型糖尿病患者视网膜病变发生率较高,体质指数过大、空腹血糖水平过高、吸烟、具有高血压合并症、缺乏疾病防治知识均是该病发生的影响因素。

Objective To understand the status of retinopathy and its influencing factors in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Gaobu town of Dongguan city, which is of great significance to establish health promotion strategies for the community prevention and treatment of retinopathy. Methods The clinical data of 498 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who were managed by community health service center of Gaobu town in Dongguan community health system platform from May 2019 to September 2019 were retrospectively analyzed, according to the results of fundus examination, they were divided into 2 groups: the diseased group(110 cases) and the non-diseased group(388 cases).The 2 groups were investigated with questionnaire, physical examination, biochemical test and fundus retinal examination.The prevalence of retinopathy in the study population was compared and the influencing factors of retinopathy in patients with type 2 diabetes were analyzed. Results Among 498 researchers with type 2 diabetes mellitus, 110 cases had retinopathy, the prevalence was 22.09%;multiple logistic regression analysis confirmed that BMI ≥ 28.00 kg/m^(2),fasting blood glucose level≥7.50 mmol/L,complications of hypertension, smoking history, lack of knowledge of prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus were the influencing factors of retinopathy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(OR=2.66,4.18,10.19,3.03,1.71,P<0.01). Conclusion There is a high incidence of retinopathy among patients with type 2 diabetes in Gaobu town, Dongguan city.Excessive BMI,high fasting blood glucose level, smoking, hypertension complications and lack of knowledge of disease prevention and treatment are all influencing factors, so it is necessary to take timely measures to prevent it.