批判性大数据认识论

Critical Big Data Epistemology

大数据导致了社会的急遽变迁,也在认识论领域引发了"数据驱动"与"理论驱动"两种认识论范式的激烈争论。尽管大数据在一定程度上有助于推动人们认识与实践的变革,但是由于其依循实证主义的原则,无论是作为大数据认识论之前提的实在性,还是依托的核心方法即归纳法,都将作为认识主体的人排除在外,因而陷入困境之中。尝试提出的"批判性大数据认识论",旨在反对实证主义大数据认识论,强调认识对象所处情境的重要性,破除技术决定主义的意识形态,从而恢复研究对象在人类社会中的意义与价值。

Big data has led to the rapid changes of the society,and also triggered a fierce debate between the two epistemological paradigms of"data-driven"and"theory-driven"in the field of epistemology. Although big data helps to promote the change of people’s knowledge and practice to a certain extent,due to its adherence to the principle of positivism,both the reality as the premise of big data epistemology and the core method it relies on,namely induction,exclude people as the subject of knowledge,thus falling into a dilemma. The"critical big data epistemology"proposed in this paper opposes the principle of positivism,emphasizes the significance of the context of the object of knowledge,and aims to break away from the ideology of technological determinism,so as to restore the significance and value of the object of study in human society.