论地方金融监管权的法治化重构

On the Legal Reconstruction of Local Financial Supervision Power

合理优化央地金融监管分权是提升地方金融监管权效率的逻辑起点。基于剩余监管权理论而建立的传统地方金融监管权面临着权力属性与边界不明、权力主体设立和权力运行手段法治保障不足、监管方式滞后以及对金融结构法律调制的忽视等方面的问题。在金融供给侧结构性改革的大背景下,应以结构金融法理论规训和指引地方金融监管权的法治化重构。结构金融法理论将最优金融结构作为金融法律调制的法治锚,以最优金融结构作为金融法调制金融市场的指挥棒和试金石,通过法律的理性哲学,充分动员作为领域法学的金融法的各子部门法以其独特的部门法实施机制,对实际金融结构进行科学的法律调制。基于该理论,应当让地方金融监管权回归原生性权力的法律本质,并从权力属性、权力主体、权力结构、监管方式、监管协调机制等方面,为地方金融监管权的运行提供充分的法治保障。

Absrtact:Reasonable optimization of the decentralization of central and local financial supervision is the logical starting point to improve the efficiency of local financial supervision. Based on the theory of residual supervision power,the traditional local financial supervision power is faced with some defects,such as unclear power attribute and boundary,insufficient legal guarantee for the establishment of power subject and power operation means,lag of supervision mode,and neglect of legal regulation of financial structure. Under the background of financial supply side structural reform,the theory of structural financial law should be used to guide the legal reconstruction of local financial supervision. The theory of structural financial law regards the optimal financial structure as the anchor of financial law,and takes the optimal financial structure as the baton and touchstone of financial regulation. Through the rational philosophy of law,it fully mobilizes the sub sector laws of financial law as the field of law to scientifically regulate the actual financial structure with their unique implementation mechanism of sector laws.Based on this theory,we should let the local financial supervision power return to the legal essence of the original power,and provide sufficient legal guarantee for the operation of the local financial supervision power from the aspects of power attribute,power subject,power structure,supervision mode and supervision coordination mechanism.