利用工程与生态并行手段修复矿区排土场研究——以内蒙古鄂尔多斯某废弃排土场为例

Repair of Dump Site in Mining Area by Using Engineering and Ecological Methods——A Case Study on One Abandoned DumpSite in Inner Mongolia

矿区开采后形成的排土场土壤保水能力弱,营养元素大量流失,生态系统脆弱。针对某矿区废弃排土场土壤贫瘠、水资源短缺、生物多样性匮乏的实际情况,运用工程与生态相结合手段,通过整理土地、改良土壤创造适宜植物生长的基础条件;精心选择、合理配置、分阶段种植养护乔灌草植被以重建场地生态系统,并进一步改善土壤质量;建设蓄排水工程和灌溉系统减缓水土流失、保证灌溉水源,从而逐步恢复场地生态功能,以期未来实现排土场的再利用。

The dump site of the mining area has weak soil and water conservation capacity,large loss of nutrient elements,and fragile ecosystem.Facing the actual situation of poor soil,water shortageand lack of biodiversity ina certain dump site of the mining area,this paper combines engineering and ecological methods to create basic conditions suitable for plant growth through land consolidation and soil improvement.It rebuilds the site's ecosystem and further improve soil qualitythrough careful selection,reasonable configuration,and staged planting and maintenance of vegetation composed of trees,shrubs and grass;to slow soil erosion and ensure irrigation water sources through constructions of storage,drainage,and irrigation projects,so as to gradually restore the site's ecological functions,and realize the reuse of the dump site in the future.