微型DNA条形码在水产类物种掺假检测中的应用

Application of mini DNA barcoding in species identification of aquatic products

水产类物种掺假导致了商业欺诈、食品安全等问题,建立一种快速高效的水产类物种掺假检测技术迫在眉睫。目前,标准DNA条形码(FDB)在水产类物种掺假检测中已经得到了广泛应用,但是食品加工中的高温、高压、反复冻融和酸碱变化等因素均会使DNA发生降解,导致标准DNA条形码扩增失败。微型DNA条形码(MDB)可以利用相对较短(<350 bp)的标准DNA片段对深加工水产品进行物种鉴定,对水产品物种掺假检测具有重要意义。本文首先举例说明了世界各国水产品掺假现状,然后介绍了FDB检测技术及其在实际应用中存在的问题,最后总结了微型DNA条形码技术在水产类物种掺假检测中的应用,并对微型DNA条形码的片段长度选择以及目的基因筛选进行了初步探讨。

The adulteration of aquatic products has caused economic and food safety problems around the world.It is therefore urgent to establish a rapid and efficient technology to identify the species of aquatic products.Nowadays,full DNA barcoding(FDB)has been widely useds in species identification of aquatic products.However,factors such as high temperature,high pressure,repeated freeze-thaw and pH variations in food processing can cause DNA degradation,leading to failure of full DNA barcoding.Mini DNA barcoding(MDB)used relatively short DNA fragments(<350 bp)to identify species in deep-processed aquatic products,which is significant to identify the species of aquatic products.We illustrates with examples the adulteration status of aquatic products in the world,and then introduced the FDB detection technology and its problems in practical application.Finaly,we summarizes the application of mini DNA barcoding in species identification of aquatic products,and discusses the selection of target genes and the length of fragments of mini DNA barcoding.