装载机铲斗参数优化设计及应用

Optimized Design and Application of Loader Bucket Parameters

装载机铲斗性能是确定装载机牵引性能和整体参数的重要因素,为设计出合理的铲斗斗型,实现作业过程的高效节能,需要对铲装作业过程和铲斗尺寸结构进行系统的研究。基于离散元素法,从散体力学的角度对铲装过程进行分析,并通过实验对比验证了模型的正确性。根据四参数铲斗设计原则研究不同截面几何参数的铲斗在相同条件下的插入阻力和满斗率。通过能量法对不同铲斗进行能量分析,得到满斗率尽可能高且最节能的铲斗,最优截面参数为:E_0=40°,D=1.3,E_1=52°,G=0.31,为装载机节能型铲斗设计提供可靠地依据。

Loader bucket performance is an important factor in determining the traction performance and overall parameters of the loader.In order to design a reasonable bucket bucket type and achieve high efficiency and energy saving in the operation process,it is necessary to systematically study the shovel loading process and the bucket size structure.Based on the discrete element method,the shovel loading process is analyzed from the perspective of loose mechanics.The correctness of the model is verified by experimental comparison.According to the four-parameter bucket design principle,the insertion resistance and the full bucket rate of the bucket with different cross-section geometric parameters under the same conditions are studied.Through energy analysis of different bucket,the bucket with the highest full bucket rate and the most energy saving is obtained,The optimal section parameters are:E0=40°,D=1.3,E1=52°,G=0.31.which provides a reliable basis for the design of energy-saving bucket of loader.