北京市精神卫生服务资源配置现状及公平性分析

Analysis on current situation and equity of mental health service resources allocation in Beijing

[目的]分析北京市精神卫生服务资源分布现状及配置公平性,为北京市精神卫生服务资源“十四五”规划的编制提供参考依据。[方法]运用洛伦兹曲线和基尼系数从人口和地理面积2个维度对北京市精神卫生服务资源进行公平性分析。[结果]截至2019年底,北京市每10万人精神科床位、精神科执业(助理)医师、注册护士数分别为47.79张、6.95名、15.26名;三类精神卫生服务资源按人口、地理面积分布计算的基尼系数分别为0.3641~0.5298、0.6865~0.7380。[结论]北京市精神卫生服务资源配置水平与其社会经济地位不相符,区域间配置不均衡,地理维度的公平性不及人口维度公平性。建议政府、市场、社会多方协同合作,多措并举,结合人口、地理及城市功能定位等多个因素来优化精神卫生资源配置。

Objective To analyze current situation of mental health service resources distribution and allocation equity in Beijing so as to provide reference basis for the authorized strength of“The 14th Five-Year Plan”for mental health service resources.Methods Lorentz curve and Gini coefficient were used to analyze the equity of mental health service resources in Beijing with two dimensions of population and geographical area.Results By the end of 2019,there were 47.79 beds/100,000 people for psychiatry in Beijing,6.95/100,000 people psychiatrists,and 15.26/100,000 people psychiatric nurses.The Gini coefficients of three kinds of mental health service resources by the distribution of population and geographical area were 0.3641-0.5298 and 0.6865-0.7380,respectively.Conclusions Mental health service resources allocation level in Beijing is discrepancy with its socioeconomic status.Internal-regional allocation is imbalance.The equity of geographical dimension is not as good as the population dimension.It is suggested that government,market and society should collaborate in many ways,optimize mental health resource layout by combining population,geography and urban functional orientation.