生物炭添加对潜流湿地污水净化效率的影响

Effect of Biochar Addition on Sewage Purification Efficiency of Subsurface Flow Wetland

【目的】为了提高农村生活污水的出水水质,探索利用生物炭降低污染负荷的可行性。【方法】以人工潜流湿地为研究对象,利用单因素方差分析法进行生物炭添加前后潜流湿地污水净化效率的对比,探究生物炭对潜流湿地污水系统中总磷、总氮、速效磷及氨氮质量浓度的影响,分析生物炭对潜流湿地氮、磷的吸附去除效率。【结果】1)随着生物炭添加,总磷、总氮、速效磷及氨氮的平均去除率分别提高9.54%,8.27%,15.93%及11.53%,施加生物炭湿地的去除率明显高于未施加生物炭湿地,并随着时间的变化整体呈上升趋势;2)生物炭添加使污水中总磷、总氮、速效磷、氨氮的去除率与温度、pH呈统计学意义上的显著性相关;3)添加生物炭后的潜流湿地污水净化效果显著提高(p<0.05),生物炭添加对潜流湿地污水净化可以实现较好的处理效果。【结论】研究结果对于乡村分散生活污水处理具有借鉴意义,可为农村生活污水净化提供一定科学依据。

[Purposes]Due to the high load of sewage discharged directly from rural areas,it is easy to cause the blockage of constructed wetlands.[Methods]Thus,outdoor control experiments were carried out to improve the effluent quality of rural domestic sewage and explore the feasibility of using biochar to reduce the pollution load.Subsurface wetland was taken as the research object.The effect of biochar on the concentration of TP,TN,PO43-,NH4+-N in subsurface wetland sewage system was investigated through the comparison of the purification efficiency of subsurface wetland sewage before and after the addition of biochar.After that,the adsorption and removal efficiency of biochar on N,P in subsurface wetland was analyzed.[Findings]According to the results,it showed that:1)The average removal rates of total phosphorus(TP),total nitrogen(TN),rapid available phosphorus(PO43-)and ammonia nitrogen(NH_(4)^(+)-N)increased by 9.54%,8.27%,15.93%,11.53% with the addition of biochar,so the removal rate of wetland added biochar was significantly higher than that of wetland that was not added biochar,and the overall trend was increasing with the change of time;2)The removal rate of each element(TP,TN,PO_(4)^(3-),NH_(4)^(+)-N)in water was significantly correlated with temperature and pH value with the addition of biochar;3)The purification effect of subsurface wetland sewage was significantly improved(p<0.05)by adding biochar,which thus could achieve better treatment effect of subsurface wetland sewage purification by adding biochar.[Conclusions]The research results had great significance reference for the treatment of decentralized domestic sewage in rural areas,which could also provide some scientific basis for the purification of rural domestic sewage.