松辽盆地北部页岩油水力压裂微地震监测技术及应用

APPLICATION OF MICROSEISMIC MONITORING TECHNOLOGY IN HYDRAULIC FRACTURING OF THE SHALE OIL IN NORTHERN SONGLIAO BASIN

松辽盆地页岩油储量丰富,是重要的油气资源接替领域.页岩油是一种重要的非常规油气类型,但是其形成和埋藏的地质条件复杂,储层物性差.页岩油的勘探、开发都需要进行水力压裂,微地震监测是压裂效果需要评价的重要技术.根据松页油1HF井的地表、地下的地震地质条件和水平段展布特征,设计较为规则的矩形观测系统实施地面微地震监测,保证全方位均匀地覆盖目标区.通过保证检波器和地表良好耦合的系列措施,对埋深2000 m以下的页岩油目标,采集到肉眼可识别的压裂微地震信号,采用层析成像技术进行压裂破裂范围计算和微地震事件反演定位.成像结果表明,各段压裂后造缝效果较为明显,有效沟通了储层与井眼的流体通道.微地震监测的实践初步证明,合理的压裂参数设计和工程施工,可获得页岩油压裂的良好效果,形成的微地震监测技术是评价压裂效果的重要而有效的手段,为页岩油的勘探开发提供技术支撑.

Songliao Basin is rich in shale oil reserves,and serves as a significant oil-gas resources replacing field.Shale oil is an important unconventional oil-gas type.Due to complex geological conditions of formation and burial,and poor reservoir physical property,its exploration and development requires hydraulic fracturing,and microseismic monitoring is an essential technology to evaluate fracturing effect.According to the surface and underground seismic geological conditions and distribution characteristics of horizontal stages in SYY-1 HF well,a regular rectangular observation system is designed for ground microseismic monitoring to ensure uniform coverage of the target area in all directions.For shale oil buried below 2000 m,the fracturing microseismic signals visible to naked eyes are collected through good coupling of geophone and ground,and tomography technique is used for calculation of fracture range and inversion positioning of microseismic events.The imaging results show that the fracture formation effect is obvious after fracturing in each stage,which effectively links the fluid channel between reservoir and wellbore.The practice of microseismic monitoring has initially proved that reasonable fracturing parameter design and engineering construction can achieve good fracturing effect of shale oil;the microseismic monitoring technology is a significant and effective means to evaluate fracturing effect and provide technical support for exploration and development of shale oil.