渥丹百合农艺性状及活性成分对钾元素的响应

Response of agronomic characters and active components of Lilium concolor to potassium

为探明钾素与渥丹百合生长发育及鳞茎活性成分积累的关系,采用Hoagland营养液浇灌技术,研究不同钾水平(K_(0)、K_(1)、K_(2)、K_(3)、K_(4))对渥丹百合株高、茎粗、叶片数、叶绿素含量的影响,采用分光光度法、火焰光度法测定并分析了鳞茎中活性物质(多糖、总酚、总黄酮、皂苷)及钾含量的积累。结果表明:1)渥丹百合农艺性状对钾水平的响应差异显著(P<0.05),其中K4(895.2 mg·L^(-1))水平下株高和叶片叶绿素含量达最大值,K3(671.4 mg·L^(-1))水平茎粗与鳞茎周径达最大值;2)与不施钾(K0)相比,各处理均对鳞茎中活性成分影响差异显著(P<0.05),尤其K4水平提高了多糖、总酚、总黄酮和皂苷含量,分别是K0的2.87、4.33、5.79、1.57倍;3)各处理下鳞茎中钾含量在0.29%~1.31%,其中K2水平效果显著,较K0提高了22.90%;4)相关性分析表明,4种活性物质均与钾浓度呈正相关,尤其半枯期鳞茎周径与钾浓度存在显著正相关,相关系数为0.83。以上结果可为百合优质栽培提供理论依据。

The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between potassium at various concentrations and the growth and active compound content of Lilium concolor.Plants were irrigated with Hoagland’s nutrient solution containing potassium at different concentrations(K_(0)、K_(1)、K_(2)、K_(3)、K_(4)),and then plant height,stem diameter,leaf number,and chlorophyll content were determined.In addition,the contents of active compounds(polysaccharides,total phenols,flavonoids,saponins)and potassium in bulbs were determined by spectrophotometric and flame photometric methods.The main findings were as follows:1)The agronomic traits of L.concolor differed significantly among the different potassium treatments(P<0.05).The highest values for plant height and chlorophyll content in the leaves were in the K4 treatment(895.2 mg·L^(-1))and the highest values for horizontal stem diameter and bulb circumference diameter were in the K3 treatment(671.4 mg·L^(-1)).2)Compared with the K0 treatment,the other four treatments significantly affected the active compound contents in the bulbs(P<0.05).In the K4 treatment,the contents of polysaccharides,total phenols,total flavones,and saponins were 2.87-times,4.33-times,5.79-times,and 1.57-times their respective values in the K0 treatment.3)The potassium contents in bulbs in different treatments ranged from 0.29% to 1.31%,and the potassium content in bulbs in the K2 treatment was 22.90% higher than that in bulbs in the K0 treatment;4)A correlation analysis showed that the contents of the four active compounds were positively correlated with the potassium concentration.There was a significant positive correlation(correlation coefficient=0.83)between bulb circumference and potassium concentration in the half-dry period.These results provide a theoretical basis for the cultivation of high-quality L.concolor.