日语声母P音再考--以擦化和ハ行转呼为例

Re-examining the Japanese Initial P:Taking Fricativization and hagyōtenko as Examples

本文梳理了前人对ハ行音演变过程的研究,发现仍然有两个问题没有解决:1.[p]音为何会擦化;2.词中词尾的ハ行音为何会转入ワ行。本文首先利用万叶假名构拟出早期日语ハ行音的音值,发现可以设想当时存在一个圆唇声母[p~w],这样就能同时解释[p]的擦化和[w]的产生。为了佐证这一猜想,本文主要对《岩波古语辞典》等资料进行了穷尽式的考察,发现早期日语中[p]与[w]存在着关联,可以证明ハ行声母[p]带有圆唇成分。

This paper reviews the previous studies on the sound changes of the consonant of hagyo,and finds that there are two problems still unsolved:1.Why does’p’become fricative;2.Why did the’p’in the other positions turn into a’w’?In this paper,we first use Man’yōgana to reconstruct the hagyo in Old Japanese,and find that the p was a labialized initial pw,which can explain the fricativization of the p-sound and the origin of the w-sound at the same time.In order to prove this hypothesis,this paper mainly uses the method of exhaustion on the data of Iwanami kogo jiten,and finds that there is a correlation between p and w in Old Japanese,which can prove that there is a libialized sound behind p.