2019~2020年哈尔滨市某性病门诊男性就诊者HIV和梅毒感染情况及其影响因素分析

Analysis of HIV and syphilis infection among male STD patients in a clinic in Harbin from 2019 to 2020

目的分析哈尔滨医科大学附属第一医院性病门诊男性就诊者的人类免疫缺陷病毒(human immunodeficiency virus,HIV)和梅毒感染情况及其影响因素,为改进艾滋病(acquired immune deficiency syndrome,AIDS)及性病(sexually transmitted diseases,STD)防控措施提供科学依据。方法对2019年1月~2020年10月首次就诊于哈尔滨市某性病门诊的男性进行HIV抗体及梅毒抗体血清学检测,同时进行艾滋病及性病相关问卷调查,并基于调查结果进行统计学分析。结果共调查726例性病门诊男性就诊者,HIV抗体阳性率1.24%,梅毒抗体阳性率18.87%,HIV抗体阳性合并梅毒抗体阳性者6例。艾滋病基本知识知晓率为67.91%;接受过艾滋病相关干预服务的比例为24.24%;最近3个月与暗娼发生过性行为者18.73%,最近3个月与临时性伴发生过性行为者41.74%,发生过同性肛交性行为者5.92%,承认注射过毒品者0.41%。此外,近3个月与暗娼或临时性伴发生过性行为、与同性发生过肛交性行为及患有其它性病是哈尔滨市某性病门诊男性就诊者梅毒感染的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论哈尔滨市某性病门诊HIV感染及性病患病率较高,艾滋病相关知识知晓率低。性病门诊应进一步加强艾滋病及性病的宣传教育,积极倡导健康性行为,做好艾滋病及性病防控工作。

Objective To analyze the status of human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)infection and syphilis infection in a male outpatient clinic in The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Meical University and its influencing factors in order to provide scientific basis for improving prevention and control measures of AIDS and STD diseases.Methods A questionnaire survey on AIDS and STD was conducted among male patients who visited a STD clinic in Harbin from January 2019 to October 2020.Meanwhile,serological detection of HIV antibody and syphilis antibody was conducted for each patient and statistical analysis was conducted based on the investigation results.Results From January 2019 to October 2020,a total of 726 male patients were included.In these patients,HIV antibody positive rate was 1.24%;the positive rate of syphilis antibody was 18.87%and 6 patients were both positive for HIV antibody and syphilis antibody;the awareness rate of AIDS-associated knowledge was 67.91%;the proportion of patients who had received AIDS-related intervention services was 24.18%;the rate of people who had sex with female prostitute in the last 3 months was 18.73%;the rate of people who had sex with temporary partner in the last 3 months was 41.74%;the rate of anal sex and drug abuse was 5.92%and 0.41%respectively.Furthermore,having sex with a prostitute or a temporary partner in the last 3 months,having anal sex with male and suffering from other sexually transmitted diseases were the independent risk factors for syphilis infection among male patients in an STD clinic in Harbin(P<0.05).Conclusion The prevalence of HIV infection and STD is high in a STD clinic in Harbin,and the awareness rate is low.STD clinics should further strengthen the health education propaganda of AIDS and STD,actively advocate healthy sexual behavior and take good prevention and control measures of HIV and STD.