小民族文学视阈下奥兹克的礼拜式文学创作思想解析

当代美国犹太作家辛西娅·奥兹克提出的"礼拜式文学"创作思想,倡导犹太作家用寄居国的语言进行创作,在文学作品中包含犹太思想和犹太宗教意识,表达犹太人的集体声音;此外,它还是一种公共的文学样式。礼拜式文学创作思想是奥兹克美学理想的具体表现,是其文学创作力求实现的目标,对于犹太文学在美国乃至全球范围内的复兴具有重要的理论意义。它既是德勒兹和瓜塔里倡导的"小民族文学"的书写范式,通过对英语的犹太化使用和对犹太主题的书写,解域美国主流的大民族文学;又超越于"小民族文学"的哲学范畴,通过对美国主流文学的解域,它实则在构建多元的美国文学,因此礼拜式文学的创作思想比德、瓜二人的哲学思辨更具价值。

Contemporary American Jewish writer Cynthia Ozick's proposal of“Liturgical Literature”requires Jewish writers to write in English,and embody Jewish ideas and religious consciousness in their works,meanwhile airing the collective voice of the Jew in a public form,which represents Ozick's aesthetic ideal that she longs to achieve herself in writing.The theorization of Liturgical Literature is also important theoretically for the restoration of Jewish literature in America and even worldwide.It is a mode of“Minor Literature”as proposed by Deleuze and Guattari.By the Judaized use of English language and the representation of Jewish themes,liturgical literature deterritorializes American literature,which,however,also helps build a pluralistic literary map of America.Therefore Liturgical Literature is of more value than Minor Literature.