口头传统、口头传播与口头叙事——英语世界口头文学研究及启示

英语世界口头文学研究明确了口头文学创作和传播机制,也解决了如何分析、理解和阅读口头文学的问题。录音文本、程式理论使文本分析、比较研究得以运用于口头文学研究。其中,重视个体创造性和差异化使口头文学研究回归口头传统,打破口头与书面的对立赋予口头文学现实意义和当代价值,转喻、传统指导性、转喻性指示等理论破解口头文学达意难题。同时,对于口头表演和口头传统的重视也充分展现口头文学独特的艺术特征和表现形式。从学术研究角度看,口头文学研究丰富了文学创作、文学叙事和文学审美理论。

The study of oral literature in the English world has clarified the creation and transmission mechanism of oral literature,and solved the problem of how to read these works.Based on recorded text and oral-formulaic theory,text analysis and comparative research are applied to oral literature research.And attaching to individual creativity and differentiation,oral literature research pays attention to oral tradition.In addition,breaking the contradiction between oral and written endows oral literature with practical significance.Some new theories such as metonymy,traditional referentiality and metonymic referentiality solve the problem of how oral literature expresses meaning.In a word,these studies of oral literature enrich the theory of literary creation,literary narrative,and literary aesthetics.