3D打印绝缘的层状结构对沿面电场分布影响

Influence on Surface Electric Field of 3D Printed Insulation with Layered Structure

由于3D打印技术层叠制造的特点,成型件内部具有分层结构,对应用于绝缘领域的打印绝缘件的电气性能和机械性能产生影响。3D打印绝缘由于自身层状结构的非匀质性,在高电压作用下会展现出与匀质绝缘件不同的性能。为了明确层状绝缘件较匀质绝缘件的电场分布变化,制备了打印方向垂直与平行电场方向的两种尼龙12样品,主要研究了两者的相对介电常数、体积电阻率和交流击穿场强,结合层状结构的串并联关系推导出不同层的相对介电常数和体积电阻率,实验表明层状结构垂直电场方向时样品体击穿强度更高,进一步研究了该结构层状绝缘子和匀质绝缘子的沿面电场分布。结果表明:由于层状绝缘表面三结合点处的电场畸变效应,层状绝缘子的沿面最大场强高于匀质绝缘子,沿面电场分布较匀质绝缘子更不均匀,通过改变打印方向可改善沿面电场分布,但需考虑体击穿强度的下降。

Due to the characteristics of 3 D printing technology laminated manufacturing, the molded part has a layered structure inside, which has an impact on the electrical and mechanical properties of printed insulation used in the insulation field. The 3 D printed insulation will show different properties from homogeneous insulation under high voltage because of the non-homogeneity of its layered structure. In order to clarify the changes in the electric field distribution of layered insulators compared to homogeneous insulators, two samples of nylon 12 with printing direction vertical and parallel to electric field direction were prepared. The relative dielectric constant, volume resistivity, and AC breakdown field strength of the two were mainly studied, and the relative dielectric constant and volume resistivity of different layers were derived from the series or parallel relationship of the layer. Experiments show that the sample with the layered structure which is vertical to electric field has the higher body breakdown strength. Furthermore, the electric field distribution of the layered insulator of the structure and the homogeneous insulator is studied. The results show that the maximum electric field strength of the layered insulator is higher than that of the homogeneous insulator due to the electric field distortion effect at the triple junction of the layered insulation surface, and the electric field distribution along the surface of the layered insulator is more nonuniform than the homogeneous insulator. The surface electric field distribution can be improved by changing the printing direction, but reduction in the body breakdown strength needs to be considered.