河流沉积物与悬浮颗粒物的重金属来源及风险差异

Differences in Sources and Risks of Heavy Metals in River Sediments and Suspended Particulate Matter

为明确河流沉积物与悬浮颗粒物重金属来源与风险的差异,2018年12月采集海河流域缓流河流子牙河与快速流河流滦河沉积物及悬浮颗粒物样品,采用ICP-MS及ICP-OES分析其重金属(Cr、Ni、Cu、Zn、As、Cd、Pb)含量并利用多种分析方法对比两条河流沉积物与悬浮颗粒物的来源与风险的差异性。结果表明,子牙河与滦河悬浮颗粒物重金属平均质量浓度均高于沉积物;同一条河流的悬浮颗粒物与沉积物的重金属来源具有细微差别;两条河流的悬浮颗粒物重金属毒性与风险均较沉积物的风险高;子牙河中的悬浮颗粒物与沉积物风险程度差异较滦河高。悬浮颗粒物作为重金属在缓流河流中迁移转化的重要载体不容忽视,采用悬浮颗粒物进行重金属的来源识别和风险评估可为缓流河流的重金属污染状况提供更准确、更有意义的信息。

In order to identify the source and risk differences of heavy metals between sediment and suspended particulate matter(SPM),the sediment and SPM samples from Ziya River and Luanhe River in December 2018 were collected.The contents of heavy metals(Cr,Ni,Cu,Zn,As,Cd,Pb)were analyzed by ICP-MS and ICP-OES,and the sources and risks of sediment and SPM in the two rivers were compared by various analysis methods.The results show that the average concentrations of heavy metals in SPM in Ziya River and Luanhe River were higher than those in sediments;The sources of heavy metals in SPM and sediments in the same river were slightly different;The toxicity and risk of heavy metals in SPM in two rivers were higher than that in sediments;The risk difference between SPM and sediments in Ziya River was larger than that in Luanhe River.As an important carrier of heavy metals migration and transformation in slow moving rivers,SPM cannot be ignored.The source identification and risk assessment of heavy metals by using SPM can provide more accurate and meaningful information for heavy metal pollution in slow moving rivers.