地球系统模式CAS-ESM 2.0性能评估与分析

Performance Evaluation and Analysis of CAS-ESM 2.0

地球系统模式是研究气候变化、进行地球系统建模的重要软件.中科院地球系统模式CAS-ESM (Chinese Academy of Sciences-Earth System Model)是中科院大气所发展的进行地球系统模拟的高性能计算应用软件,目前已经发布了2.0版本,其模拟性能一直是制约其发展的关键因素之一.为了对CAS-ESM 2.0进行性能评估和分析,将CAS-ESM 2.0移植到中科院高性能计算系统"元"和"地球系统数值模拟装置"原型系统这两大高性能计算平台上,开展了耦合数值模拟试验.试验结果显示, CAS-ESM 2.0存在受平台影响的性能差异,大气模式的运行时间占比最高,超过了其他分模式的总和,部分分模式存在可扩展性问题.然后对试验结果进行了进一步的分析,发现大气模式的性能瓶颈主要是由通信造成的.因而对CAS-ESM 2.0的后续研发发展工作中, CAS-ESM的跨平台优化、大气模式的性能优化与并行算法改进、分模式的可扩展性应该是研究的重点之一.

An earth system model is the important software for researching climate changes and modeling the earth system.Chinese Academy of Sciences-Earth System Model(CAS-ESM)is the high-performance computing software for earth system simulation developed by Institute of Atmospheric Physics(IAP),CAS.Currently,IAP has released CASESM 2.0,while simulation performance is always one of the critical factors restricting its development.To evaluate and analyze the performance of CAS-ESM 2.0,we install CAS-ESM 2.0 to two high-performance computing platforms,“Yuan”and“Earth System Numerical Simulation Device”,for coupled numerical simulation.The experiment results show that CAS-ESM 2.0 has different performances affected by these two platforms;the atmosphere model has the highest proportion of running time,exceeding the sum of other component models;some component models perform poorly in scalability.Further analysis reveals that the atmosphere model is mainly restrained by ineffective communication.Future research and development of CAS-ESM 2.0 will focus on cross-platform optimization,atmosphere model upgrading,parallel algorithm improvement,and scalability of component models.