2018年湖南省农村自然灾害社会脆弱性测度

Measurement of Social Vulnerability of Rural Natural Disastersin Hunan Province in 2018

农村社会发展状况与自然灾害发生频率和强度息息相关,提高农村自然灾害社会脆弱性对农村社会发展及实现乡村振兴战略具有重要作用。以湖南省各地级市州农村为研究对象,从敏感性和恢复力两个维度建立社会脆弱性指标评价体系,采用熵值法、模糊综合评价法和函数法测算敏感性、恢复力和脆弱性指数,分析2018年湖南省农村自然灾害社会脆弱性。结果表明,湖南省农村社会脆弱性空间分异特征明显,呈现“东低西高”的分布格局;多数地区的农村社会脆弱性处于低位水平,地区分异显著,具有两极分化分布特点,张家界地区最高,长沙和衡阳地区最低。在中低社会脆弱性的农村,恢复力指数对社会脆弱性贡献最大,其中最为显著的便是社会公共事业的建设水平和基础设施的完善水平。在高社会脆弱性的农村,敏感性指数对社会脆弱性贡献度最大。

The social development of rural is closely related to the frequency and intensity of natural disasters,and improving the social vulnerability of rural natural disasters plays an important role in rural social development and rural revitalization.Taking the rural areas of cities and states in Hunan Province as the research object,the evaluation system of social vulnerability index is established under the sensitivity and resilience,the sensitivity and resilience and vulnerability index were evaluated and the social vulnerability of rural natural disasters in Hunan province in 2018 were discussed using entropy method,fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method and function method.The results show that the spatial difference of rural social vulnerability in Hunan Province is obvious,presenting a distribution pattern of“low in the east and high in the west”.Rural social vulnerability presents a low level in most areas,exhibiting significant regional differentiation and the characteristics of polarized distribution,with the highest values appearing in Zhangjiajie and the lowest values occurring in Changsha and Hengyang.Among the middle and low social fragile rural areas,the resilience index contributes the most to social vulnerability,especially the level of construction of social public utilities and the level of perfection of infrastructure.In the high social vulnerability rural regions,the sensitivity index contributes the most to social vulnerability.