摘要
晚新生代以来,青藏高原的隆升导致中国地貌格局、古气候系统及晚新生代沉积体系发生巨变。青藏高原以东至边缘海的广大区域形成统一水系,将巨量沉积物搬运至中国东部连续堆积形成黄淮海平原。太行山的隆升、边缘海陆架的沉降,黄河的贯通及晚第四纪大规模海侵等,深刻改造了黄淮海平原的自然环境,至今仍然影响其社会经济的发展,成为重要的科学问题。针对这些事件的研究,对于理解晚新生代黄淮海平原的形成和演化具有重要意义,也可为缓解该地区目前紧张的人地关系提供理论基础。对晚新生代黄淮海平原形成发育的构造地貌过程、黄河贯通和晚第四纪海侵等重大事件研究现状进行了综合分析,认为:①青藏高原隆升是黄淮海平原当今地貌及海陆格局形成的根本原因;②黄河贯通对黄淮海平原地表过程、水系演化及源-汇体系带来深远影响;③沿海地区晚更新世以来3次重要的海侵事件及相关的海陆相互作用,不但造成了沉积环境的变化,还形成了下切河谷特殊地貌景观;④晚新生代黄淮海地区重大地质事件的时间节点是中新世和晚第四纪。系统总结了黄淮海平原在构造-气候相互作用、地貌动态演化和年代学研究中存在的问题,认为未来亟需对黄淮海平原开展多学科系统性的工作。
The uplift of the Tibetan Plateau since the Late Cenozoic has led to the important adjustment in the geomorphology patterns,paleoclimate systems and sedimentary systems in China.The unified drainage system was formed in the vast area from the eastern Tibetan plateau to marginal sea and the persistent sedimentation controlled by this drainage system resulted in the emergency of the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain in the Eastern China.The critical geological events such as the uplift of the Taihang Mountain,subsidence of the continental shelf in the marginal sea,the connection of the Huang River and the large scale of transgression in the Late Quaternary profoundly changed the natural environment of the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain,which until now still affect the social and economic development and become an important concerned scientific issue.The study of these events is of great significance to the understanding of the formation and evolution of the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain in the Late Cenozoic,and can also provide a theoretical basis for easing the current tense human-earth relationship in this area.The comprehensive analysis of the tectonic and geomorphic processes of the formation and development of the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain in the late Cenozoic,the opening of the Yellow River and the transgression of the late Quaternary results in the following conclusions.The uplift of the Tibetan Plateau was the root causes for the formation of the present geomorphology and land-sea pattern of the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain;the connection of the Huang River led to significant change of the earth surface processes,drainage evolution and source-sink processes in the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain;three large scale transgression events in the coastal area and related land-sea interaction not only brought about the change of the sedimentary environment but also formed the special landscapes of deeply incised valley;the key time of the above critical geological events in the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain is Miocene and Late Quaternary.This paper also summarized the problems in the study of the tectono-climatic interaction,the dynamic evolution of the geomorphology and chronology in the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain.Urgent works should be carried out on the multidisciplinary and systematic research in the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain.
作者
闫纪元
胡健民
王东明
公王斌
梁霞
YAN Jiyuan;HU Jianmin;WANG Dongming;GONG Wangbin;LIANG Xia(Institute of Geomechanics,Chinese Academy of Geosciences,Beijing 100081,China;Key laboratory of Paleomagnetism and Tectonic Reconstruction,Ministry of Natural Resources,Beijing 100081,China)
出处
《地质通报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第5期623-648,共26页
Geological Bulletin of China
基金
国家自然科学基金项目《运城盆地新生代沉积物埋藏史与热演化研究:对华北西部新生代断陷盆地沉积充填及动力学过程的定量约束》(批准号:42072242)
《华北克拉通中部带古元古代构造格架与变形序列研究》(批准号:41872225)
中国地质调查局项目《特殊地质地貌区填图试点》(编号:DD20160060)。
关键词
黄淮海平原
重大地质事件
晚新生代
地表过程
Huang-Huai-Hai Plain
critical geological events
Late Cenozoic
earth surface process