江淮东部新石器时代末期社会生计个案分析——以东台开庄遗址为例

A Case Study of Social Livelihood in Eastern Jianghuai in the Late Neolithic:The Dongtai Kaizhuang Site

东台开庄为江淮东部一处内涵明确的以龙山文化时期遗存为主体的新石器时代末期遗址,兼有少量良渚文化遗存。通过对遗址开展的浮选获得了水稻和粟等农作物,狗尾草和藜属等杂草类种子,芡实、菱角、栎果等其他可食遗存。稻作是开庄遗址良渚文化晚期和龙山文化时期最重要的农耕生产内容。农业在聚落生业中不占绝对优势,先民采集狩猎作为食物的重要来源,另外还种植瓜果作为补充。江淮东部新石器时代末期稻作农业未表现出持续强化的发展态势。

The Dongtai Kaizhuang site is a late Neolithic site that has been clearly identified as containing remains mainly from the Longshan Culture with a small number from the Liangzhu Culture.The flotation work done to the soil samples from the site yielded remains from crops such as rice and foxtail millet,weed seeds such as dogwood and quinoa,and edible plants such as acorn,water chestnut and Gordon Euryale.The flotation results show that growing rice was the most important agricultural production at the site during the late Liangzhu and Longshan period and that agriculture was not dominating as gathering and hunting as well as fruits planting also played an important role in food sourcing.The study also revealed that rice farming in the eastern Jianghuai area did not show a sustained and intensified development trend in the end of the Neolithic era.