江苏东台开庄遗址动物遗存研究报告

A Study of Faunal Remains from the Kaizhuang Site in Dongtai,Jiangsu Province

开庄遗址2018-2019年的发掘工作中收获了丰富的动物遗存,包含龟科、大雁、狗、熊、猪、梅花鹿、水鹿、麂、獐、麋鹿、水牛等,尤其以麋鹿等野生动物种类占优。对H13性质的分析及麋鹿各部位出现频率的讨论显示出开庄遗址和其他遗址之间可能存在搬运行为或其他联系。生业经济方面,开庄遗址良渚晚期是以饲养家猪和狩猎野生动物相结合的模式,而到了龙山文化时期,则迅速转变为大量采集狩猎的资源获取模式。

The excavations conducted at the Kaizhuang Site in 2018—2019 unearthed abundant faunal skeletal remains of tortoises(Emydidae),wild geese(Anser),dogs,bears(Ursus),pigs(Sus), sika deer,water deer,muntjac(Muntiacus),river deer(Hydropotes),David's deer(Elaphurus davidianus),buffalo and others,dominated by that of David's deer and other wild species.The ash pit H13 is believed to be dedicated to deer although further studies are needed to identify its specific function.The occurrence frequency of the remains of each part of David's deer indicates that connections such as transferring may have existed between the Kaizhuang Site and other ancient sites.In terms of subsistence,the Kaizhuang Site in the late Liangzhu period was dominated by a combined mode of pig raising and wild animal hunting.During the L.ongshan period,it rapidly transformed into a hunter-gatherer mode rather than continuing to develop the agricultural tradition of raising domestic pigs.