江苏长江岸线生态修复评价指标体系研究

Discussion on evaluation indicator system of ecological remediation along the shoreline of Yangtze River in Jiangsu Province

通过分析江苏长江岸线生态修复的现状及存在的问题,明确了构建生态修复评价指标体系的必要性。基于江苏长江岸线生态修复的实际情况,借鉴前人相关研究成果及湿地、水生态等领域有关生态评价的规范,提出植物覆盖度、水土保持度、原生植物恢复度、植物物种多样性、护岸型式多样性和岸线曲折度6项关键指标,以及各项指标的定量化确定方法。在此基础上,构建了以前4项为主要指标,其它为附加指标的评价体系,明确了赋分等级和对应分值。分析研究结果表明,6项指标全面系统考虑了长江岸线生态修复对植物生长状态、动物生存条件和岸坡稳定等方面要求;修复评价指标体系通过主要指标和附加指标相结合的方式,既实现了对生态修复效果的定量化评价,又体现了对生态修复工程设计理念的引导,为长江岸线生态修复的有序推进奠定了基础。

By analyzing the current situation and problems of ecological remediation along the shoreline of Yangtze River in Jiangsu Province,the necessity of establishing an evaluation indicator system of ecological remediation is clarified.Based on the relevant studies and ecological evaluation standards in wetland and aquatic ecosystem,Enhanced Vegetation Index(EVI),Soil Water Impact Index(SWII),Native Plant Remediation Index(NPRI),Plant Species Diversity Index(PSDI),Revetment Type Index(RTI),Shoreline Tortuosity Index(STI)and their quantitative determination methods are built.The EVI is used to analyze the relationship between pixel value and zero.When the pixel value is greater than zero,the increasing EVI indicates that plant mulching is rising,and the effect of shoreline ecological remediation is positive.The soil and water conservation of remediation region is evaluated by the SWII.The smaller the value of SWII is,the less soil and water loss is,which indicates the higher degree of soil and water conservation of shoreline.The native plant remediation is evaluated by the NPRI.The degree of native plant remediation increases with the increasing of NPRI,the lager value of which is beneficial to achieve the transformation from artificial remediation to natural remediation.The PSDI is used to evaluate the species richness and uniformity of the remediation region.The higher the value of PSDI is,the richer and more evenly distributed the plant species are,which indicates a better outcome of this remediation.The RTI is used to evaluate the diversity of bank revetment types.Various types of bank revetment should be used in combination to meet differentecological requirements.The STI is used to evaluate the tortuosity of the shoreline,and constructing relatively curved shorelines can promote shoreline ecological remediation.In addition,the evaluation method with the former four indexes as main parameters and the others as additional parameters is established,and the grades and corresponding scores are defined.The results show that the growth status of plants,the living conditions of animals and the stability of the bank slope are considered systematically by using the six indexes.Through the combination of the primary indexes and additional indexes in the evaluation indicator system,not only the quantitative evaluation of ecological remediation can be reached,but also the design of ecological remediation engineering projects can be guided properly.This study provides a scientific basis for evaluation of the ecological remediation along the shoreline of the Yangtze River in Jiangsu Province.