基于DPSIR⁃EES模型的旅游型城镇生态安全评价研究

Ecological security evaluation of tourism towns based on DPSIR⁃EES⁃matter element

保障生态安全是旅游型城镇实现环境、经济、社会系统健康发展的基础,二道白河镇作为典型的旅游型城镇,旅游业快速发展的同时生态环境保护面临着巨大压力。针对当前生态安全评价中信息屏蔽和主观性问题,基于DPSIR⁃EES模型构建生态安全评价指标体系,运用熵值法和均方差法确定权重,引入物元分析模型,实现2010—2019年二道白河镇生态安全评价与评价结果的可视化表达与分析。结果表明:(1)2010—2019年二道白河镇生态安全水平从不安全向安全水平不断转化,2016年后上升趋势尤为突出;(2)GDP增长率、社会保障建设水平、节能环保力度等三项指标以及影响层面、社会层面、经济压力层面等三个层面的影响最为突出,是二道白河镇生态安全水平健康发展的主要制约条件。多维度指标结合物元分析模型,既能得到综合质量信息以及反映评价对象的稳定状况,同时直观揭示各单项评价指标的分异情况,为二道白河镇下一阶段生态安全决策提供科学依据。下一阶段工作应以环境开发和保护为重点,积极采取对策,弥补生产、生活行为对生态环境系统的负面影响,从根本上减轻生态环境压力,实现二道白河镇经济、社会、环境协调发展。

Safeguarding ecological security is the basis for healthy development of the environment,economy,and social system of tourism towns.In recent years,the fact that the development and construction of tourism towns have become a leading direction of new urbanization construction has been a widespread concern.The town of Erdaobaihe is a typical tourism town.With the rapid development of tourism,the ecological environment is facing great pressure and the threshold of ecological security carrying capacity of tourism towns has been reached.This has seriously affected the self⁃integrity and sustainable development of the tourism town ecosystem and even threatened its ecological security.Targeting the problems of information shielding and subjectivity in current ecological security evaluation,an ecological security evaluation index system was developed based on the DPSIR⁃EES model.The weight was determined by the entropy weight and mean square difference methods,and a matter⁃element analysis model was introduced to evaluate the ecological security level,analyze the trend of the ecological security level among various indicators,and realize visualization and analysis of the ecological security evaluation and evaluation results for Erdaobaihe from 2010 to 2019.The research produced the following results:(1)From 2010 to 2019,the ecological security level of Erdaobaihe changed constantly from the insecurity level to the security level,with a prominent increase after 2016.(2)Based on the level of the DPSIR⁃EES,GDP growth rate,social security construction level,and energy conservation and environmental protection are the three most prominent indicators;based on the analysis of the element change of the DPSIR⁃EES evaluation index system,the fluctuation of the economic pressure level was obvious.The influence,social,and economic levels are the main constraints for the healthy development of ecological security in Erdaobaihe.The combination of the multi⁃dimensional index and the matter⁃element analysis model could not only provide comprehensive quality information and reflect the stability of the evaluation object but also directly reveal the differentiation of each single evaluation index to overcome the subjectivity of human influence in the process of assessment and improve the accuracy of ecological security assessment,thus providing a scientific basis for the next stage of ecological security decision⁃making in Erdaobaihe.The next stage of work should focus on environmental development and protection,actively taking response measures to compensate for the negative impacts of production and life behaviors on the ecological environment system and fundamentally reducing the pressure on the regional ecological environment to realize harmonious development of economy,society,and environment.