格与格框架探究-再读《“格”辩》

On Case and Case Frame--ereading The Case for Case

格语法在深层结构中引入语义格,并提出格框架及深层结构到表层结构的转换规则,这可视为框架语义学和构式语法的基石。但是格语法自身存在诸多问题,如格定义模糊,格分类界限不清,以及饱受质疑的“一格一用”原则;格语法对语序的限制条件缺乏深入探讨,更是将情态置之其外。

Case Grammar proposes that semantic cases and case frames should be included in the deep structure of language,and then summarizes the transformational rules from deep structure to surface structure,all of which can be regarded as the basis of Fillmore’s Frame Semantics and Construction Grammar.However,some problems and fallacies still exist in Case Grammar.First,the definition,classification and inventory of cases are really troublesome,which cause great ambiguity and ambivalent;Second,there are many counterexamples in natural language against“one-case-one-clause”principle;Third,modality is left aside without any further exploration;Fourth,Case Grammar holds that variables that constrain the word order in the world languages are likely to be connected with case structure,while it is a great pity that it is not examined in Case Grammar.