高龄产妇产后住院期间疲乏现状及其影响因素

Status of Postpartum Fatigue in Women of Advanced Maternal Age and Its Influencing Factors

目的探讨高龄产妇产后住院期间疲乏水平及其影响因素。方法便利抽样选取某院在院产妇428例,采用基本资料问卷、疲乏自评量表、产后社会支持量表、爱丁堡产后抑郁量表评估其疲乏水平及影响因素。结果高龄组产后疲乏总分(53.64±8.05)分,总分及躯体疲乏、精神疲乏、疲乏后果等3个维度得分均高于适龄组,两组疲乏等级存在差异(P<0.001)。高龄组社会支持总分(41.23±7.45)分,15.2%产妇存在抑郁风险,产后疲乏与社会支持呈负相关(P<0.01)。回归分析显示,分娩方式、喂养方式、母婴皮肤接触和社会支持、抑郁是产后疲乏的影响因素(均P<0.01),可解释总变异度的64.1%.结论高龄产妇住院期间的疲乏形势较严峻,产科医护人员需重视该群体产后早期的疲乏评估。

Objective To explore the level of postpartum fatigue and its influencing factors in women of advanced maternal age.Methods By convenience sampling method, 428 postpartum women in a hospital were selected and the level of fatigue and the influencing factors were evaluated by the basic information questionnaire, the Fatigue Self-assessment Scale, the Postpartum Support Questionnaire, and the Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale.Results The total score of postpartum fatigue in advanced maternal age was 54.65±26.25,the total score and physical fatigue, mental fatigue, consequences of fatigue were higher than those in the age-appropriate group, and there was a difference in fatigue level between the two groups(P<0.001).The total score of social support in the advanced-age group was 41.23±7.45,and 15.2% of them were at risk for depression.Postpartum fatigue was negatively correlated with social support(P<0.01).Regression analysis showed that delivery mode, feeding mode, maternal-infant skin-to-skin contact, social support, and depression were influencing factors of postpartum fatigue(all P<0.01),which could explain 64.1% of the total variation.Conclusions The situation of fatigue in women of advanced maternal age during the hospital stay is severe, and obstetric health providers should focus on assessment of early fatigue for them.