如何防止转型期公共政策公共性的流失?——基于四种类型划分的案例比较研究

How to Prevent the Loss of Public Policy Publicity in the Transitional Period?-Cases Comparative Study Based on Four Types of Classification

随着中国社会转型的推进和利益的日趋多元化,如何防止公共政策公共性的流失成为重要的现实问题和学术问题。为全面探究转型期公共政策公共性的流失发生原因,论文使用类型学研究方法对公共政策公共性的流失现象进行了类型划分,从“流失阶段”和“动力来源”两个维度,将其划分为“源头自利型”“源头捕获型”“下游自利型”“下游捕获型”四个类型,并根据每个类型的特点,选取了对应的典型性案例。通过比较上述类型及案例,发现防止公共政策公共性的流失要做到:通过有效制衡制约公权力自利性;保障民众和社会组织有效参与政策议程;对行政自由裁量权进行必要束缚;完善腐败治理体系以防止公权力被捕获。

With the development of social transformation and interests diversification in China,preventing the loss of public policy publicity has become an important practical and academic issue. In order to fully explore the causes of the loss of public policy publicity in the transitional period,we uses typology research methods to classify the phenomena into four types,which are labeled as "initiative self-interest","initiative capture","process self-interest " and "process capture ",based on two dimension: power process and policy source. And according to the characteristics of each type,four typical cases are selected. By comparing the four types and typical cases,we found out that to prevent the publicity loss of public policy,government should restrict the self-interest of public power through effective checks and balances,ensure the effective participation of the public and social organizations in the policy agenda,restrict the administrative discretion,and improve the anti-corruption institutions to prevent the capture of public powers.