基于数据挖掘的《杏轩医案》学术思想及组方用药规律研究

Study on academic thought and prescription regularity of xing xuan Medical Records based on data mining

目的基于数据挖掘技术研究《杏轩医案》治疗内、外、妇、儿诸科疾病的临床组方原则及用药规律。方法从《杏轩医案》中选取有效医案128例,提取方药信息,用Office 2010建立数据库整理归纳数据,应用IBM SPSS Statistics 22.0进行药物频数、性味归经、药对频数、用药类别、系统聚类及因子等分析。结果共筛选出的128例处方,涉及药物234种。单味药以甘草、人参、茯苓、熟地黄、当归、白术的使用频次最高,多归肝、脾经;药对以甘草-人参、甘草-当归、甘草-茯苓、甘草-白术、白术-人参的使用频率最高;常用药物以补虚药、清热药、利水渗湿药三种药物使用最为频繁。聚类分析共得到C1酸枣仁、木香、远志、大枣、生姜、黄芪等8个药对组合;因子分析得出F1远志、木香、酸枣仁、生姜、大枣、黄芪,F2泽泻、山药、山茱萸、牡丹皮等10个公因子。结论程文囿立法以益气补血为主,兼之健脾、补肾、养胃、清热,重视脾胃,补养兼顾,遣药简洁,配伍精当,注重整体观念。

Objective To study the prescription principles and medication rules of Xing Xuan Medical Records in the treatment of various diseases using the data mining technology.Methods We selected 128 effective medical cases from Xing Xuan Medical Records and extracted the information of prescriptions,with the database established using Office 2010.SPSS statistics 22.0 was used to analyze drug frequency,drug pair frequency,and the nature and category of drugs.Cluster analysis and factor analysis were carried out.Results A total of 128 prescriptions were screened out,involving 234 drugs.The most frequently used single medicines were Radix Glycyrrhizae,Panax ginseng,Poria cocos,prepared Radix Rehmanniae,Angelica sinensis,and Atractylodes macrocephala,most of which entered the liver and spleen meridians.The most frequently used drug pairs were Radix Glycyrrhizae-Panax ginseng,Radix Glycyrrhizae-Angelica sinensis,Radix Glycyrrhizae-Poria cocos,Radix Glycyrrhizae-Atractylodes macrocephala,and Atractylodes macrocephala-Panax ginseng.The most common drugs belonged to deficiency-tonifying drugs,heat-clearing drugs,and diuresis-inducing and dampness-draining drugs.Cluster analysis produced 8 drug combinations;C1 included sour jujube kernel,Saussurea costus,Polygala tenuifolia,ginger,jujube,and Astragalus membranaceus.Factor analysis produced 10 common factors;F1 included Polygala tenuifolia,Saussurea costus,sour jujube kernel,ginger,jujube,and Astragalus membranaceus;F2 included Alisma orientalis,Dioscorea opposita,Comus officinalis,and Cortex Moutan Radicis.Conclusion The prescription of Cheng Wenyou is mainly characterized by tonifying Qi and blood as well as strengthening the spleen,tonifying the kidney,nourishing the stomach,and clearing heat.It focuses on the spleen and stomach,and pays attention to tonifying and nourishing,with concise,precise,and holistic features.