基于突发事件的地铁连通商业建筑防火卷帘控制方式对人员疏散的影响

Influence of Fire Shutter Control Mode on Evacuation of Subway Connected Commercial Building Based on Emergency

地铁连通型商业建筑日益增加,除火灾事故外,地震、恐怖袭击、车辆故障或停电引发人员滞留而导致的踩踏事故等突发事件中人员安全疏散的研究同等重要。为探究突发事件中防火卷帘控制方式(下降时间、下降高度等)对地铁及其连通商业建筑人员疏散的影响,运用Pathfinder软件,以某地铁及其连通商业建筑作为对象,分别模拟了防火卷帘不动作、防火卷帘下降时间为0、60、150、180、300、360 s 7种工况下人员疏散情景,从而得到最优的防火卷帘下降时间,并分析了地铁及连通商业同步疏散、延时疏散情况下延时时间对疏散的影响。结果显示:与地铁连通型商业空间的开发与利用不会对地铁人员疏散造成影响;地铁连通商业建筑的防火卷帘“一步降”或“两步降”控制方式对于人员疏散影响不大;防火卷帘下降延时时间越长,人员所需安全疏散时间越长,卷帘180 s下降到底的工况是最不利的控制方式,300 s下降到底是最优的;对于地铁连通商业建筑,不论突发事件发生在地铁段还是商业段,都是两个部分同步疏散对疏散最有利。

Subway connected commercial buildings are increasing day by day.In addition to fire accidents,it is equally important to study the safe evacuation of people after emergencies such as earthquake,terrorist attack,vehicle failure or power failure.In order to explore the impact of fire shutter control mode(descent time,descent height,etc.)on the evacuation of subway and its connected commercial buildings in emergencies,taking a subway and connected commercial building as the object,pathfinder software was used to respectively simulate the optimal fall time of fire shutter under seven evacuation conditions what was the fire shutter no act,the falling time of fire shutter is 0 s,60 s,150 s,180 s,300 s and 360 s,and analyze the influence of delay time on evacuation under synchronous and delayed evacuation of subway and connected commercial.The results show that the development and utilization of commercial space connected with subway will not affect the evacuation of subway personnel.The control mode of“one-step down”or“two-step down”of fire-proof rolling shutter in commercial buildings connected with subway has little influence on personnel evacuation;The longer delay time of fire-proof rolling shutter descending,the longer safety evacuation time is required,and the working condition of rolling shutter falling to the bottom in 180 s was the most unfavorable control mode.For the two parts of the subway connected commercial buildings,the synchronous evacuation was most favorable for evacuation.