自组装结构药物的跨膜转运策略

Drug Transmembrane Transport Strategy Driven by Self-assembly Structure

药物在机体内需通过跨膜转运才能进入细胞中,进而发挥治疗作用。药物载体作为能将药物装载作用于靶细胞/组织的工具,能够解决药物在生物体内运输过程中诸如半衰期短、稳定性差和难溶于水或脂质等问题,但也存在着药物包裹率低、易渗漏的缺点。自组装是指无序的基本结构单元自发排列成有序结构。自组装药物载体可以保护药物不受生物体内免疫系统的影响,使药物在合适的条件下以可控、高效和低副作用的方式作用于靶细胞。概述自组装结构药物跨膜转运的基本概念,总结近年来生物医学领域相关的研究进展及临床应用,为研究人员提供自组装结构药物跨膜转运新的设计策略。

Drugs need to be transported across membranes in the body in order to play their roles in cells.As a tool for loading drugs into target cells/tissues,drug carriers can solve such problems as short half-life,poor stability and insolubility in water or lipids during drug transport in living organisms in spite of the disadvantages of low drug encapsulation rate and easy leakage.Self-assembly refers to the spontaneous arrangement of disordered basic structural units into an ordered structure.Self-assembled drug carrier can protect the drug from the immune system in the organism and allow it to function in a controlled,efficient and low side-effect way on target cells under the right conditions.This review summarizes the basic concepts of self-assembly structure-driven drug transmembrane transport and relevant research progress and clinical applications in the biomedical field in recent years,providing researchers with new design strategies for selfassembly structure-driven drug transmembrane transport.