人机融合创新设计

Human-machine Fusion and Innovative Design

目的设计历经以农业经济为主导的设计1.0时代与以工业设计为主导的设计2.0时代,如今正在步入以创新设计为主导的设计3.0时代。设计3.0时代的到来对创新设计,尤其是创新设计人本构成要素中,人机融合层面提出了更高要求。方法从人因学及工程心理学等人因学科角度出发,以人机融合相关理论及方法为研究对象,通过文献调研总结提升人机融合水平的人因学科新理论及新方法,并针对所总结的人因学科方法理论进行概念性阐述。结论人因学科中,以情境意识、脑力负荷和可调节自主为代表的部分理论,以及认知状态建模、基于生物电信号的控制等通用技术方法,可以作为人机融合创新设计的支撑,从而促进人机融合创新设计的发展,丰富创新设计人本构成要素内涵。

After the design 1.0 era dominated by the agricultural economy and the design 2.0 era dominated by industrial design,the design is now stepping into the design 3.0 era dominated by innovative design.The arrival of the design 3.0 era puts forward higher requirements for innovative design,especially the human-machine fusion in the human-oriented component of innovative design.In this regard,from the perspective of human factors and engineering psychology,taking the theories and methods related to human-computer fusion as the research object,through literature research,this paper summarizes the new theories and new methods of human factors discipline to improve the level of human-machine fusion,and gives a conceptual explanation for the summarized theory and methods.Some theories such as situational awareness,mental workload,and adjustable autonomy,method such as physiological index measurement and cognitive state modeling can be the great support of human-machine fusion and innovative design,thus enriching the meaning of human-oriented innovative design.