基于卫星数据的台风暴雨洪涝致灾指标的改进--以菲特(1323)台风为例

On the improvement of hazard index for typhoon rainstorm flood based on satellite data:a case study of the typhoon Fitow(1323)

台风暴雨洪涝灾害的致灾指标改进对于防灾减灾工作具有重要意义.为分析菲特(1323)台风事件的情况,基于0.1°×0.1°分辨率的中国自动站与CMORPH降水产品融合逐时降水量网格数据集V1.0,根据台风降水分离方法,分离出整场台风的逐小时实际降水量;再结合台风暴雨洪涝灾害链理念,分别以基于日降水量指标的台风暴雨洪涝算法(D-TRF)和基于小时雨强指标的台风暴雨洪涝改进算法(H-TRF),划定了洪涝致灾分布;并对结果进行验证计算,对各算法划定的洪涝致灾分布与实际灾情数据进行对比分析.结果表明:基于小时雨强指标的台风暴雨洪涝改进算法(H-TRF)在针对集中暴雨情况时,与实际受灾情况关系更为密切.研究成果可以为实时、快速、准确预报台风暴雨洪涝致灾分布及相关灾害链研究提供技术支持.

The improvement of typhoon rainstorm flood hazard indicators had been of great significance to disaster prevention and mitigation.Basing on the hourly merged precipitation dataset derived from the weather station data and CMORPH(climate precipitation center morphing)product,the data of typhoon{Fitow(1323)}was used and the typhoon precipitation analysis technique was proposed to get the hourly typhoon precipitation.Then,according to the typhoon rainstorm flood chain concept,the high-risk areas were estimated by the typhoon rainstorm flood algorithm on daily precipitation index of typhoon rainstorm flood(D-TRF)and the typhoon rainstorm flood algorithm on hourly rain intensity index of typhoon rainstorm flood(H-TRF)respectively.A difference index system was proposed to analyze the relationship between high-risk areas and the actual disaster data.The results showed the superiority of the typhoon rainstorm flood algorithm on hourly rain intensity index of typhoon rainstorm flood(H-TRF)for concentrated precipitation situation.The area delineated by H-TRF was smaller and contained more actual disaster points,which was more closely related to the actual disaster situation,and could provide technical support for real-time forecasting of typhoon rainstorm flood and related disaster chains.