农业保险服务乡村振兴的内在逻辑、挑战与改革路径

Internal logic,challenges and reform paths of agricultural insurance serving rural revitalization

在改革开放后逐步形成的新型城乡二元结构中,农村扮演着为现代化“兜底”的角色。现阶段金融支持乡村振兴的关键任务是充分发挥其“兜底”职能,为顺利实现现代化提供支撑。以农业保险服务乡村振兴为主线,从乡村振兴的五大命题出发,运用代数推导的方式全面论述农业保险服务乡村振兴的内在逻辑。研究发现,通过合理的制度设计,农业保险能够有效发挥种粮激励效应、乡村生态环境改善效应、推进脱贫地区发展效应和财政资金杠杆效应。以西部农业大省——四川省的农险发展实践为例,结合全国农险发展概况,点面结合,深入分析目前农业保险服务乡村振兴面临的挑战与困境。在此基础上,提出持续提升现有农险保障水平、增强融资支持能力、完善政策性农险的财政支持体系、改革现有农险创新激励体制、全面强化农险监管等改革路径。

In the new urban-rural dual structure gradually formed after the reform and opening up,the countryside plays the role of“providing the basic”for the modernization.The core task of rural revitalization at the current stage is to give full play to the“guarantee”function of the village and provide support for the smooth realization of modernization.The agricultural insurance serving rural revitalization is taken as the main line,starting from the five proposition of rural revitalization and using algebraic derivation to comprehensively discuss the internal logic of agricultural insurance serving rural revitalization.The study believes that through reasonable system design,agricultural insurance can effectively exert the incentive effect of grain cultivation,the improvement effect of rural ecological environment,promote the development effect of poverty alleviation areas and the leverage effect of financial funds.The agricultural insurance development practice of Sichuan province is taken as an example,combined with the national agricultural insurance development profile,a point-and-face combination approach was used to analyze in depth the challenges and dilemmas faced by the current agricultural insurance services for rural revitalization.The reform path are put forward accordingly such as continuing to improve the current level of agricultural insurance protection and enhancing financing support,improving the financial support system for policy-based agricultural insurance,reforming the existing incentive system for agricultural insurance innovation,and comprehensively strengthening agricultural insurance supervision.