家庭财富对居民健康的影响——基于CFPS调查数据的实证研究

The Impact of Family Wealth on Health of the Residents:An Empirical Research into the CFPS Survey Data

基于中国家庭追踪调查(CFPS)2014年与2016年的数据,采用有序Probit模型分析了家庭财富对居民健康的影响。研究发现:首先,家庭净财富的增加显著提高了居民自评健康水平,且家庭财富与居民自评健康之间呈倒"U型"关系;居民健康异质性检验发现,家庭财富的提高更有利于农村居民、有房者和未参加医疗保险居民的健康水平改善。其次,家庭财富构成对居民健康的影响存在一定差异,其中,家庭房产净值和金融资产的增加都将提高居民健康水平,但房产净值与健康之间呈倒"U型"关系,而金融资产与健康之间则是正相关的线性关系。最后,随着家庭财富水平的提高,居民慢性疾病患病率逐渐下降,但当财富值超过临界值后,家庭财富水平的进一步提高,居民慢性病患病率随之提高,即随着个体年龄的增长不可避免带来慢性病问题,使得居民自评健康下降。

According to the data of China Family Panel Studies(CFPS) in 2014 and 2016,this paper analyzes the influence of family wealth on the residents’ health by means of the ordered probit model.As shown in the results,firstly,the increase of household net wealth significantly improves the self-rated health among the residents,and there is an inverted U-shaped relationship between the household wealth and the self-rated health of residents.A heterogeneity test of residents’ health also indicates that the rise of household wealth is more conducive to the improvement of the health level of rural residents,homeowners,and residents without medical insurance.Secondly,there are certain differences in the impact of household wealth composition on the health of residents.In general,the increase in family home equity and financial assets will improve the health level of residents.There is an inverted U-shaped relationship between home equity and health while there is a positive linear relationship between financial assets and health.Finally,with the increase in family wealth,the prevalence rate of chronic diseases gradually decreases among the residents.However,as the wealth value exceeds the critical value,the further growth in family wealth will increase the prevalence rate of chronic diseases.In other words,the growth of age for the individual will inevitably bring about the chronic diseases,causing the decline of self-reported health among the residents.