政府开放数据生态链中的用户参与机制--以加拿大政府数据开放实践为例

User Participation Mechanism in Government’s Open Data Eco-Chain:Based on the Practice of Canada’s Open Data Program

[目的/意义]用户参与在政府开放数据生态链建设中有着重要作用,对加拿大政府开放数据生态链中用户参与机制的研究可以为我国相关工作提供借鉴和启示,深化理论与实践的发展。[方法/过程]通过文本分析法、案例研究法等对加拿大政府数据开放全过程中环境、平台、应用三个层面的用户参与情况进行了分析,并从战略设计、组织机构、监督评估和宣传教育四个方面总结了其促进用户参与的保障机制。[结果/结论]加拿大的经验启示我们应扩大用户参与的主客体范围;促进用户参与渠道和方式多样化;营造鼓励用户参与的文化氛围并制订操作性强的用户参与程序;确保用户参与的获得感,保持倾听和回应;培养用户参与政府开放数据生态链建设的意识和能力;强化对用户参与的监督评估,建立问责制。

[Purpose/significance]User participation plays an important role in the construction of the government’s open data eco-chain.Research on user participation mechanism in Canadian government’s open data eco-chain will help to provide reference and enlightenment for the promotion of our country’s work,thus deepening the development of the theory and practice.[Method/process]Using the methods of text analysis,case study and so on,this paper analyzes the user participation through environment,platform,and application in the whole process of government open data program in Canada,and four aspects of guarantee mechanism are summarized like strategic design,organization,supervision and evaluation,publicity and education.[Result/conclusion]Canada’s experience suggests that we should expand the subject and object scope of user participation,enrich and improve the channels and methods of user participation;create a cultural atmosphere which can encourage user participation and develop operational user participation procedures;ensure user’s sense of acquisition,keep listening and responding;cultivate users’awareness and ability to participate in the construction of the government’s open data eco-chain;strengthen the supervision and evaluation of user participation,and establish an accountability system.