丁酸梭菌早期干预对大肠杆菌攻毒肉仔鸡肠道菌群和短链脂肪酸的影响

Effects of Early Clostridium Butyricum Intervention on Short-chain Fatty Acid and Microbial Community Structure in Broiler Chickens Challenged with Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli

试验旨在研究丁酸梭菌(Clostridium butyricum)早期干预对产肠毒素大肠杆菌(Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli,ETEC)攻毒肉仔鸡肠道短链脂肪酸(SFAs)和菌群结构的影响。选用1日龄ROSS肉仔鸡200只,分为两组,每组100只,试验前3 d,其中一组每天灌喂1 mL浓度为109 CFU/mL的丁酸梭菌,另外一组灌喂1 mL生理盐水。7日龄时,将灌喂生理盐水的肉仔鸡分成对照组(Control)和大肠杆菌组(EC);灌喂丁酸梭菌的肉仔鸡分成丁酸梭菌组(CB)和丁酸梭菌+大肠杆菌组(CB+EC)。7日龄至试验结束,EC组和CB+EC组灌喂1 mL(108 CFU/mL)产肠毒素大肠杆菌菌液进行攻毒,Control组和CB灌喂1 mL生理盐水。ETEC攻毒后第3 d和7 d屠宰取样。结果显示:①在肉仔鸡盲肠中,10日龄时,与Control组相比,CB组中乙酸含量极显著提高(P<0.01),EC组中的乙酸含量显著降低(P<0.05);CB组和CB+EC组中丁酸的含量较为相近,均极显著高于Control组和EC组(P<0.01)。14日龄时,与Control组相比,CB组中的乙酸、丙酸、丁酸、异丁酸含量均显著提高(P<0.05),EC组中的乙酸、丙酸、丁酸显著降低(P<0.05)。②10日龄时,在CB组中,瘤胃球菌属相对丰度最高,显著高于其他各试验组(P<0.05)。由此可见,丁酸梭菌早期干预大肠杆菌攻毒的肉仔鸡可一定程度上促进肠道短链脂肪酸的生成和改善盲肠菌群结构。

This study aimed to study the effect of early Clostridium butyricum(CB)intervention on the intestinal short-chain fatty acid(SCFA)content and microbial community structure in broiler chicken challenged with Escherichia coli(EC).In this study,two hundred one-day-old ROSS broilers were selected and randomly divided into two groups.During the first 3 days,one group was given 1 mL of CB(109 CFU/mL)every day,and the other was given 1 mL of normal saline.At the age of 7 days,broilers fed with saline were divided into control group(CON)and Escherichia coli group(EC).Broilers fed CB were divided into CB group and CB+EC group.When the age of 7 days to the end of the experiment,1 mL(108 CFU/mL)enterotoxin-producing EC was given to EC group and CB+EC group for challenge,while 1 mL normal saline was given to CON group and CB group.The samples contents were collected at 3 d(10 days old)and 7 d(14 days old)after ETEC challenge.①In cecum of broilers at 10 days of age,compared with CON group,acetic acid content in CB group was significantly increased(P<0.01),and acetic acid content in EC group was significantly decreased(P<0.05);the content of butyric acid in CB group and CB+EC group was similar,and was significantly higher than that in CON group and EC group(P<0.01).At 14 days of age,compared with CON group,the contents of acetic acid,propionic acid,butyric acid and isobutyric acid in CB group were significantly increased(P<0.05),while the contents of acetic acid,propionic acid and butyric acid in EC group were significantly decreased(P<0.05).②At 10 days of age,The CB group had the highest relative abundance of[Ruminococcus]_torques_group,which was higher than other groups(P<0.05).Therefore,early Clostridium butyrate intervention in broiler chickens challenged with Escherichia coli could promote the production of SCFA and improve the structure of cecum flora to a certain extent.