烟草废弃物中烟碱生物调控的研究进展

Research progress on biological regulation of nicotine in tobacco waste

大量未能及时处理的烟草废弃物不仅导致烟碱污染日益严重,同时也是可利用资源的浪费。烟碱的生物调控是指利用微生物的矿化作用将烟碱降解为羧酸和氨基酸等低害或无害物质的过程,与传统烟碱调控技术相比具有降解效率高、降解产物好等优点。介绍了烟碱的危害及污染来源,汇总了目前可用于降解烟碱的微生物种类,分析了微生物降解烟碱的主要代谢途径,综述了烟碱的生物调控技术研究进展,最后对如何提高微生物调控烟碱能力等进行了展望。

Large amount of untreated tobacco waste will lead to increasing nicotine contamination,and it is also the waste of available resources.Bioregulation of nicotine,which is a process of degrading nicotine into less harmful or harmless substances such as carboxylic acids and amino acids by using microbial mineralisation,has the advantages of high degradation efficiency and good degradation products compared to traditional nicotine regulation techniques.This paper introduced the hazards and pollution source of nicotine,summarized the microbial species that could be used to degrade nicotine,analyzed the main metabolic pathways of microbial degradation of nicotine,and also reviewed the bioregulation techniques of nicotine.Finally,the research advances on nicotine bioregulation were prospected.