中国高校废旧手机资源回收潜力及其模式研究

Research on resource recovery potential from waste mobile phones and its recycling mode in Chinese universities

近年来,废旧手机被认为是一种重要的城市矿产,但中国未建立起规范的废旧手机回收体系,其回收率较低。为摆脱该局面,以中国高校为研究对象,采用灰色GM(1,1)模型与多元线性回归模型预测中国高校学生人数,并结合问卷调查结果预测高校学生手机保有量及其资源回收潜力。结果表明,到2025年中国高校学生手机保有量将高达7268万部,其全部报废后可回收约2.442 t金、17.443 t银和872.159 t铜,可创造约10.3亿元的经济价值,具有极高的资源回收潜力。同时,问卷调查结果表明,中国高校学生废旧手机大都处于闲置状态,尚未进入规范回收渠道,且高校学生对废旧手机规范回收意识及其回收模式认识淡薄。基于生产者责任延伸原则,提出了“线上+线下”相结合的高校废旧手机回收模式及二手市场与专业处理处置企业相结合的废旧手机商业模式,通过界定不同利益相关方责任,借助信息化系统,有望实现废旧手机的校园规范收集和校外规范利用处置。

Recently,waste mobile phones are considered as an important category of urban mine.But,the formal recycling system for waste mobile phones has not been built in China,and the recycling rate is very low.In order to get out of this situation,taking Chinese universities as research objects,grey GM(1,1)and multiple linear regression models were employed to predict the total students in universities in China.The inventory of mobile phones for university students and their corresponding resource recovery potential were predicted by integrating the results of questionnaire survey.The prediction showed that by the end of 2025,the inventory of mobile phones produced by university students in China would reach as high as 72.68 million units.After they were all scrapped,about 2.442 t of gold,17.443 t of silver and 872.159 t of copper could be recovered from them,which could create the economic value of approximately RMB 1.03 billion,reflecting excellent resource recovery potential.At the same time,the results of questionnaire survey indicated that the majority of the waste mobile phones produced by university students were under idle state,remaining inaccessible to the formal recycling system.Furthermore,the university students had poor awareness on formal recycling of waste mobile phones and insufficient related knowledge on the recycling mode.Based on the principle of extended producer responsibility(EPR),the recycle mode of wasted phones in universities combining“online”and“offline”and commercial mode of wasted phones combining secondary market and professional disposing enterprises was put forward.By defining the responsibilities of different stakeholders,with the help of the information system,it was expected to realize standard collecting of waste mobile phones in university campuses and regulated off-campus utilization and disposal.