玉木耳栽培基质配方的筛选及栽培工艺研究

Selection of Cultural Medium and Cultivation Technology of Auricularia cornea

以玉木耳1号为研究对象,展开栽培基质配方筛选及栽培工艺研究,为其在福建地区的推广奠定基础。研究结果表明:配方2(杂木屑58.5%、玉米芯20%、棉籽壳8%、麦皮12%、碳酸氢钙1%、石灰0.5%)子实体综合农艺性状佳,单袋平均产量最高,与CK相比增产33.5%,为最佳栽培配方;短袋栽培比长袋更易操作,且不易烂袋;刺孔出耳方式产量及生物学效率明显高于割口;立体吊袋栽培模式原基形成早、子实体耳片肉厚,农艺性状佳,产量高;相比秋季,春季栽培具有现原基时间短、原基分化成熟快、产量高的优势。综上所述,在福建推广玉木耳栽培适宜在春季采用短袋刺孔的立体吊袋模式进行。

Wood ear Yumuer 1(Auricularia cornea'Yumuer 1'were cultured on different cultural media to select an optimum medium and cultural practices to promote culture of the wood ear in the areas of Fujian province.The results showed that the wood ear mushrooms cultured on the Medium )2 with saw dust in the bag supplemented with corn cob,wheat bran,etc.have good comprehensive agronomic traits and yield the highest by average per bag,33.5%higher than that of the control.The Medium 2 is the optimum cultural medium.Short bags are easier to operate than long bags,and are not vulnerable to rot.The yield and biological efficiency of the mushrooms is significantly higher in the bags punched than in the bag cross cut.When cultivated in the hanging bags the mushrooms produce primordia earlier and thick ears of fruiting bodies with good agronomic traits and high yield.Cultivated in Spring the mushrooms form primordia fast,which differentiate into mature mushroom fast,and hence yield higher than those cultivated in Autumn.It is concluded that the wood ear'Yumuer 1'is suitable for cultivation in hanging short punched bags in Spring in Fujian.