美国基础教育质量评估的进展与启示——基于马萨诸塞州的实践探索

Progress and Enlightenment of Quality Assessment of Basic Education—Based on the Practical Exploration in Massachusetts

质量评估对于教育的有序发展至关重要。美国马萨诸塞州积极推进基础教育质量评估变革,具体的实践举措为:强化评估的综合设计;凸显评估的发展性价值;强调外部的专业性参与;发挥数据的可用性价值等。马萨诸塞州在评估改革推进的过程中获得了一些成效,如:促进儿童观念转变,学生由知识人转变为能力人;推动质量文化塑造,保障多元评估主体有效参与。当然,改革也遭遇了一些挑战,如评估对象发展存在片面性、评估主体素养还有所不足、评估过程主观化问题凸显等。本文通过对马萨诸塞州基础教育质量评估改革的正反分析,以期对我国未来基础教育质量改革提供有益经验。

Quality assessment is crucial to the orderly development of education.Massachusetts has actively promoted the reform of basic education quality assessment.Concrete practical measures are as follows:the comprehensive design of the evaluation is strengthened;the development value of the evaluation is highlighted;the external professional reference is emphasized;importance to the value of data is attached.In the process of evaluation reform,Massachusetts has achieved some achievements,such as promoting the change of students concept from knowledge to ability;promoting the culture of quality,and ensuring the effective participation of multiple evaluation subjects.Of course,there are some challenges in the reform,such as the one-sidedness in the development of evaluation object,the inadequacy of evaluation subject quality,and the subjectivity in the evaluation process.The positive and negative analysis of the quality assessment reform of basic education in Massachusetts will provide useful experience for the reform of basic education quality in our country in the future.