PBL应用于小学课程中的问题分析及策略建议

The Problem Analysis and Strategic Suggestions of the Application of PBL to Primary School Courses

当前,为培养学生的核心素养,以学生为中心、围绕真实情境中的问题展开探究的教育教学观正日益焕发新的生机,以基于问题的学习(PBL)为代表的教学法在中小学课堂上获得广泛推广应用。然而,伴随着PBL教学法的深度融合,其应用中存在的问题也逐步显现,并引发了诸多质疑。文章借助案例分析了国内外研究中PBL教学法应用于小学课程中的问题,提出五条具体改进策略,即建立PBL教学意义、准确诊断学情、优化问题设置、适时搭建教学支架、引导小组成员积极合作,用以促进我国小学一线教师在学科教育中有效使用PBL。

At present,in order to cultivate students’core literacy,the view of education and teaching,which centers on students and surrounds problems in real situations to carry out exploration,is coruscating new vigor increasingly.The teaching method represented by Problem-based learning(PBL teaching method)has gained wide popularization and application in the classrooms of primary schools and secondary schools.However,accompanying by the deep integration of PBL teaching method,the existing problems in Zits application is gradually emerging and has already triggered many queries.The article,with cases,has analyzed the problems of the application of PBL teaching method to primary school courses in the studies at home and abroad,and put forward five specific improving strategies,namely,establishing the teaching significance of PBL,diagnosing learning conditions accurately,optimizing problem setting,building scaffold at the right moment,and guiding group members to cooperate actively,etc.,so as to promote the front-line teachers in China to use PBL effectively in subject education.