论美国国防采购中的技术资料权

Technical Data Right in the United States Defense Procurement and Its Enlightenment

美国国防采购法规中技术资料权分为非商业技术资料权和商业技术资料权,前者包括无限权利、政府目的权利、有限权利和具体协商的许可权,后者包括无限权利、有限权利和额外的许可权。该制度优点在于激励承包商参与军工项目、争议解决机制切实保障承包商利益、降低美军装备的全寿命周期成本,缺点在于各政府部门的采购条例不尽统一、例外规定过多、政府权利有进一步扩大的趋势。该制度的启示在于要尽快完善中国技术资料权有关制度并认真加以执行,从而提高武器装备采购维修效率,降低武器装备建设成本。

In the U.S.defense procurement regulations,technical data rights are divided into non-commercial technical data rights and commercial technical data rights.The former includes unlimited rights,government purpose rights,limited rights,and specifically negotiated license rights,and the latter includes unlimited rights,limited rights and additional license rights.The advantages of this system include encouraging contractors to participate in military projects,the dispute resolution mechanism effectively protecting the interests of contractors,and reducing the life cycle cost of U.S.military equipment.The disadvantages a include the procurement regulations of various government departments not being uniform,too many exceptions,and a tendency of government to further expand its rights.The enlightenment of this system is to improve China's system of technical data rights as soon as possible and implement it seriously,so as to improve the efficiency of weapon equipment procurement and maintenance and reduce the cost of weapon equipment construction.