2017—2019年郑州市外环境禽流感病毒监测分析

Analysis on surveillance of avian influenza virus in external environment in Zhengzhou City from 2017-2019

目的了解郑州市禽类外环境禽流感病毒污染分布情况,为人感染禽流感疫情防控提供科学依据。方法采用实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应(PCR)技术对2017—2019年采集的1 728份标本进行禽流感病毒亚型核酸检测,分析禽流感病毒不同环境污染情况。结果 1 728份标本中,检出58份流感病毒A型核酸阳性标本,阳性检出率为3.36%;各亚型阳性率H5亚型为0.41%(7份)、H7为0.23%(4份)和H9为0.98%(17份),其他亚型阳性检出率1.74%(30份)。每年阳性率最高的月份为12月,阳性检出率为10.11%;活禽交易市场和清洗禽类的污水标本流感病毒A型核酸阳性检出率较高,阳性率分别为4.62%和5.19%。结论郑州市禽类外环境中检出H5、H7和H9亚型禽流感病毒,冬春季阳性检出率相对较高,是禽流感重点防控时间,应持续在重点场所开展病原学监测。

Objective To understand the distribution of avian influenza virus in external environment in Zhengzhou City,provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of human infection with avian influenza virus. Methods Real time fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction(PCR) was used to detect the subtypes of avian influenza virus in 1 728 samples collected from 2017-2019,to analyze the pollution of avian influenza virus in different environment. Results There were 58 positive samples of influenza A virus nucleic acid in 1 728 samples,with the positive rate of 3.36%. The positive rate of H5,H7 and H9 subtype was 0.41%(7 samples),0.23%(4 samples) and 0.98%(17 samples),respectively,and the positive rate of other subtypes was 1.74%(30 samples). The highest positive rate was in December,and the positive rate was 10.11%. The positive rates of influenza A virus nucleic acid in samples from live poultry market and sewage of poultry cleaning were higher,which was 4.62% and 5.19%respectively. Conclusion H5,H7 and H9 subtype of avian influenza virus are found in the external environment of poultry in Zhengzhou City. The positive rate is relatively high in winter and spring,which is the key season for prevention and control of avian influenza. Pathogen surveillance should be carried out continuously in key places.